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1、2.阅读理解(2篇)完形填空短文改错.阅读理解A(2019山东聊城二模)话题：学习德语词数：309难度：Itcanbearealstruggletryingtolearnanewlanguage.Ihadalwaysenjoyedlearninglanguagesinschool，butonlyrecentlydidIstartlearningGerman.IfoundthatIcouldunderstandandlearnindividualwordseasily，butwhenitcametoliterature，Ireallystruggled.Thatwaswhenmytutoratu
2、niversitysuggestedreadingsomechildrensbooksprintedinthetargetlanguage.Atfirst，Ifeltabitsillygoingonahuntforabookdesignedforsomeonehalfmyage，butthenIrealisedthateveryonehastostartsomewhere.Aschildren，wearegiventhesebasictextstofamiliariseourbrainswithcertainvocabularyandwritingstructures，andfromthere
3、，wecanlearnanddevelop.IstartedwithbookswhicharetaughttousaschildrenintheUK.ImanagedtofindOliverTwistbyCharlesDickensandJamesandtheGiantPeachbyRoaldDahl.Thebeautyofreadingbooksthatwereintroducedtoyouasachildisthatyouarealreadyfamiliarwiththeplot.Asaresult，youcanworkoutsomeofthedefinitionsofwordswithy
4、ourpriorknowledgeofthestory.Atfirst，Iusedtoreadwiththebookinonehandandadictionaryintheother，butthismethoddidnotworkwellforme.ThemethodIwouldrecommendistoreadachapterofyourchosenchildrensbookandattheendofthatchapter，highlightthewordsyoudonotknowandthenlookupthedefinitions.Ifyoucanwaitabitbeforeyouuse
5、adictionary，youmaybesurprisedwhatyoucangetmerelyfromthecontextofthesentenceinthestory.Additionally，alotofchildrensbookshavepictureswhichmaygiveyouaclueastowhatortowhomthepassageisreferring.语篇解读这是一篇记叙文。作者在学德语，因为看不懂文学作品，导师建议她看德语儿童书籍，她因此得到了意外的惊喜。1Whywastheauthoradvisedtoreadchildrensbooks?ABecauseshewa
6、sweakinreadinggreatworks.BBecauseshewasslowtolearnlanguage.CBecauseshelikedchildrensliterature.DBecauseshecouldntrememberanywords.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第一段第三、四句可知作者只能理解单个的单词，对于文学作品理解起来很费劲，所以她的导师建议她看一些用目标语言写的儿童书。故选A。2Whatcankidsgetfromchildrensbooksaccordingtothepassage?AVocabularyandlisteningskills.BLearning
7、methods.CWordsandstructures.DDesigningskills.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中“Aschildren，wearegiventhesebasictextstofamiliariseourbrainswithcertainvocabularyandwritingstructures.”可知儿童在看儿童书时可以熟知其中的词汇和写作结构，故选C。3Whatcausestheauthorfeelsurprisedwhilereadingchildrensbooks?AGraspingthecontextfromthepictures.BLookingu
8、pthedefinitionsofwordsfromadictionary.CGettingfamiliarwiththeplotsofthestory.DUnderstandingthewordssimplyfromthecontext.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句“Ifyoucanwaitabitbeforeyouuseadictionary，youmaybesurprisedwhatyoucangetmerelyfromthecontextofthesentenceinthestory.”可知如果先不查词典，从语境中就可以猜出词义，故选D。4Whatcanbethebest
9、titleofthepassage?AReadingChildrensBooksBTheWayofLearningLanguagesCTheMethodofUsingDictionaryDMyGoodReadingHabits答案A解析标题归纳题。全文讲述了作者通过读目标语言的儿童书来学习外语的经历，故选A。B(2019山西运城4月模拟)话题：提升心情词数：363难度：Itsundeniablethatspendingtimeoutdoorsandinnatureliftsourspiritsandmakesusfeelmorecenteredandatpeace.Whenwebreathei
10、nfreshair，andenjoythebeautyoftrees，streamsandoceans，wenaturallytendtofeelmoreconnectedtoourselvesandothers.Overthepastdecade，scientistshavebeenexploringwhynatureanddirtspecificallyissuchapowerfultoolinimprovingourmood.Accordingtoresearchers，thesecretmaylieinthemicrobes(微生物) ofthesoil.Onebacteriumspe
11、cificallyMycobacteriumVaccae (M.Vaccae)hasbeenidentifiedashavingthepowertoaffectourmoodsandcognitivefunctionaswell.ExperimentsconductedatSageCollegesinNewYorkfoundthatcontactwithMVaccaecanincreaseserotoninlevelsinthebrainachemicalthatisassociatedwithhigherlevelsofhappiness，increasedfocus，andreduceda
12、nxiety.Inordertoexplorehowthebacteriacanimprovelearning，researchersDoryMathewsandSusanJenksexperimentedwithmiceinamaze.Micethatingestedthebacterianavigatedthemazetwiceasfastasthecontrolgroupandprovedlessanxiousaswell.HumanscanabsorbMVaccaejustbyplayinginthedirt.Wetakeinitwhenwebreathe，weconsumeitino
13、rganicvegetables，anditcanalsoenterourbloodstreamthroughskincontact，especiallywherewehaveopencuts.Thismayexplainwhychildreninschoolperformbetterafterbreak.NeuroscientistChristopherLowryattheUniversityofBristolinEnglandbelievesthathehasidentifiedwhythisincrediblebacteriumworks.“Whatwethinkhappensistha
14、tthebacteriaactivateimmunecells，whichreleasechemicalscalledcytokinesthatthenactonreceptorsonthesensorynervestoincreasetheiractivity.”BeyondthepowerofMVaccae，scientistshavebeenprovingfordecadesthatexposuretodirt，andthehugenumberofmicrobesfoundindirt，canstrengthenourimmunesystem.Whenourbodycomesintoco
15、ntactwithbacteria，itstoresdieinformationinatypeoflibraryandcanthenusethatinformationtofightsicknessandinfectionmoreeffectively.Happiness，focus，lessanxiety.Illtakeadoubledoseofdirt; please!语篇解读本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述的是“尘土”让人们在户外活动时精神振奋以及它如何提升你的心情的。5Whatraisespeoplesspiritswhilespendingtimeoutdoors?AAir.BTrees.CWater.DDirt.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，在过去的十年里，科学家们一直在探索为什么大自然尤其是泥土是改善我们情绪的有力工具。故“泥土”让人们在户外活动时精神振奋。故选D。6HowdoesMVaccaework?AByworkingonsensorynerves.BByfightingsicknessandinfection.CBystrengtheningtheimmunesystem.DBymakingimmunecellsactive.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第五段可知，细菌激活了免疫细胞，免疫细胞释放一种叫作细胞因子的化
