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1、 摘要 随着主机性能要求的提高和变化，逐渐显现目前国内ZL40/50装载机传动系，配置较单一、陈旧。研究装载机的使用工况及在变负荷工况下发动机的特性、液力变矩器和发动机的共同工作特性，研制开发新的适用于该主机的传动系对提高装载机的牵引动力性能和行驶性能具有十分重要的现实意义。本文对驱动桥轮边行星传动机构进行了优化设计，并根据优化结果对齿轮采用了不等啮合角的角度变位，进行了变位系数的分配和尺寸计算；分析了装载机的使用工况特点、在变负荷工况下发动机的特性、液力变矩器和发动机的共同工作特性，研究了液力变矩器与发动机的匹配性能；详细讨论了新设计的动力换挡变速器的传动方案图及挡位、速比、齿轮模数、离合器
2、等主要参数的选择和确定过程，计算了各挡离合器的扭矩容量及储备系数，开发设计了前四、后四定轴式动力换档变速器。基于ZL40装载机整机参数和新设计的液力变速 箱和驱动桥参数，对整机的牵引性能和速度性能进行了理论匹配计算和研究，绘制了牵引力和速度曲线。为了验证设计的一致性和正确性，进行了变矩器性能试验、液力变速箱性能试验和主机牵引性能试验，表明达到了主机的设计要求。具有一定的经济和社会价值。关键词：液力变矩器,动力换挡变速器,轮边行星传动,匹配,设计 AbstractWith the work application change and improvement,it gradually emerg
3、ed that the previous ZL40/50 power train configuration was humdrum and out-of-date.Its very practical and meaningful for improving the traction performance and vehicle speed to study the application condition and the Engines output characteristic under varying load,research on the coupling propertie
4、s between torque converter and Engine.Its valuable to develop new power train system for wheel loader.In this paper,a method is established to optimum design to wheel end structure of drive axle,analyze work condition features and the Engine out performance under varying loads,research the common wo
5、rk characteristic between the Engine and the torque converter.A kind of power-shift transmission is developed which has 4-forward gears and 4-reverse gears,more detailed calculation and the choice of main parameter are introduced in the paper.Based on vehicle parameters of ZL50 wheel loader and new
6、power train,lug forces and the machine speeds of every gears are calculated and figure out the traction-speed curve.In order to verify the correct and consistent with the calculation and design, several experiments are done including torque converter performance experiment, hydraulic transmission pe
7、rformance experiment,vehicle lug performance test.From these test,got the original parameter of torque converter and basic characteristics of the transmission.Based on ZL50 wheel loader machine parameters and new power train,max lug force and the highest speed are proceeded.vehicle traction performa
8、nce curve.As a result,the wheel loader gets superior lug capability and the higher vehicle speed,it can work efficiently and run faster,achieve the design purpose.Key words: torque converter power-shift transmission wheel end match design 目 录1 绪论.6 1.1装载机概述.6 1.2 装载机的现状及发展.7 1.3课题研究的意义.8 1.4课题研究的主要内
9、容.92 驱动桥轮边传动设计.10 2.1确定装载机类型.10 2.2 2K-H（NGW）轮边行星传动介绍.10 2.3 轮边行星传动的优化设计.112.3.1设计变量和目标函数.112.3.2约束条件.122.3.3优化方法和结果.17 2.4变位系数的分配和尺寸计算.18 2.5强度校核.192.5.1弯曲疲劳强度校核.192.5.2齿面接触疲劳强度校核.20 2.6本章小结.213 变矩器和变速器传动系统的研究设计.22 3.1发动机的实用调速特性.22 3.2液力变矩器与发动机共同工作特性.24 3.2.1液力变矩器和发动机的共同工作的输入特性.24 3.2.2液力变矩器和发动机共同工作的输出特性.26 3.3动力换档变速器的设计.
