《英语语法分析.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语语法分析.doc（19页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、英语语法分析：动词不定式全接触动词不定式是英语学习中非常活跃的部分，也是英语考试中常考的知识点。它分为带to和不带to两种形式，其作用相当于名词、形容词或副词，通常在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。这样看来，动词不定式的能量可真不小，让我们全面接触一下它吧！一、作宾语的不定式1.不定式的一般式作宾语，一般表示未来的动作。不定式常在下列动词后面作宾语，即：afford,agree,attempt,consent,decide,desire,expect,endure,fear,fail,intend,manage, mean,plan,prefer,pretend,promise
2、,propose, refuse,regret,remember,seek,want等。例如：1)M r.Johnson preferred to be given heavier work to do. 2)Theres a m an at the reception desk who seem s very angry and I think he means to make trouble. 2.不定式作宾语时，也可以用先行词it作形式宾语，而作真正宾语的不定式短语后置。可接形式宾语的常见动词有：consider,feel,find,judge,suppose,think等。例如：1)I
3、 found it impossible to get to the classroom in time. 2)He considered it a great honor to be here at the party. 3.不定式前加一个连接代(副)词构成特殊的不定式短语，常在某些动词后面作宾语。常见的可以接这种不定式短语的动词有：advise,consider,find out,forget,imagine, know,learn,remember,see,tell,think,under- stand,wonder等。例如：Everyone had an application for
4、m in his hand,but no one knew to which office room to send it.(1993.12) 二、作定语的不定式1.不定式要放在所修饰的名词或代词后面，作后置定语，常见的后接不定式作定语的名词有：agreement, attempt, decision, plan, pressure, promise, project, intention, need, opportunity,time等等。例如：1)The pressure to compete causes Americans to be energetic, but it also pu
5、ts them under a constant emotional strain. 2)If the building project to be completed by the end of this month is delayed,the construction company will be fined. 2.不定式作定语与被修饰的名词或代词之间在逻辑上有主谓关系、动宾关系、同位关系等。(值得注意的是在不定式与其所修饰的名词有动宾关系时，根据需要在不定式后加适当的介词。)例如：1)The next plane to arrive is from Shanghai.(主谓关系) 2
6、)The beautiful girl couldnt resist the temptation to buy the gold neck- lace.(同位关系) 3)Im looking for m y dormitory to live in.(动宾关系) 三、作状语的不定式1.不定式可用来作状语，修饰动词，表示行为的目的、结果或原因。例如：1)To become a teacher in a university,it is necessary to have at least a m asters degree.(目的) 2)He hurried to the railway st
7、ation,only to find that the train had left.(结果) 3)We jumped with joy to hear the good news.(原因) 2.不定式也可用在作表语的形容词(或过去分词)后面作状语，说明产生这种情况的原因或在哪方面存在谓语所表示的情况。例如：Jim is sorry to have been so impolite to your guest last Saturday. 四、作宾补的不定式不定式常跟在下列动词之后作宾语补足语，常见的有：advise, allow, ask, cause, command, direct, e
8、nable, encourage, expect, have, hear, invite, make, order, perm it, press, remind, tell, urge, warm等(有些动词后的不定式符号to可以省略)。例如：1)I have heard both teachers and students speak well of him . 2)With the development in science and technology m an can make various flowers bloom before their time. 五、不定式几种形式的说
9、明1.不定式的一般式，通常表示未来的动作。2.不定式的完成式表示不定式的动作在谓语所表示的动作(状态)之前完成。3.不定式的进行式表示谓语动词的动作发生时，不定式所表示的动作正在进行或同时发生。4.不定式的被动式表示不定式与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系。动词不定式攻关练习：1.He asked _ since he had been chairman for seven years. A)not to have been reelected B)to be not re-elected C)not to be re-elected D)to have not been re-elected 2.M
10、rs.Brown is supposed _ for Italy last week. A)to have left B)to be leaving C)to leave D)to have been left 3.The Greens _ here ,but not any m ore. A)were used to living B)had lived C)used to live D)had been living 4.It is not unusual for workers in that region _. A)to be paid m ore than a month late
11、B)to be paid later than more a month C)to pay later than a month m ore D)to pay late m ore than a month 5.Sir Dennis,who is 78,has made it known that much of his collection _ to the nation. A)has left B)is to leave C)leaves D)is to be left 6.Id rather read than watch television;the programs seem _ a
12、ll the time. A)got worse B)to be getting worse C)have got worse D)getting worse 7.The bank is reported in the local newspaper _ in broad daylight yesterday. A)being robbed B)having been robbed C)to have been robbed D)robbing 8.Irish weddings are almost certain to _ in this way for generations. A)hav
13、e celebrating B)be celebrated C)have celebrated D)have been celebrated 9.The Italian football team played so successfully _ the Brazilians. A)as not to defeat B)as to defeat C)in order not to defeat D)for the purpose defeat 10.It isnt cold enough for there _ a frost tonight,so I can leave Jim s car
14、out quite safely. A)would be B)being C)was D)to be Key：1-5 C)A)C)A)D) 6-10 B)C)D)B)D) (文/天津武警医学院崔学军；英语通大学英语六级考试版2003年第11期；版权归英语辅导报社所有，独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育，未经许可，不得以任何形式进行转载。)动词不定式全接触动词不定式是英语学习中非常活跃的部分，也是英语考试中常考的知识点。它分为带to和不带to两种形式，其作用相当于名词、形容词或副词，通常在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。这样看来，动词不定式的能量可真不小，让我们全面接触一下它吧！一、作宾语的不定式1.不定式的一般式作宾语，一般表示未来的动作。不定式常在下列动词后面作宾语，即：afford, agree, attempt, consent, decide, desire, expect, endure, fear, fail, intend, manage, mean, plan, prefer, pretend, promise, propose, refuse, regret, remember, seek, want等。例如：
