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1、兴趣班学习资料高一英语兴趣班-名词性从句 由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫复合句。名词性从句在复合句中起名词的作用，它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句四大类，在句中分别用作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。引导名词性从句的关联词 Athat 连词that本身没有意义，在从句中不担任任何句子成分，在宾语从句中有时可省略。 I hear (that) he has joined the football club. That light travels in straight line is known to all. Bwhether和if 连词whether和if本身有意义（解
2、释“是否”），在从句中不可省略。 1whether可以连接所有的名词性从句，而if通常只能引导宾语从句。 I didnt know whether he would attend the concert. The question is whether its worth trying.（表语从句，不可用if代替whether） Whether she comes or not makes no difference.（放在句首的主语从句，不可用if代替whether） He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.（同位
3、语从句，不可用if代替whether） 2whether引导的宾语从句可作介词的宾语，而if则不能。 It all depends on whether they will support us. (不用if) Ryan was worrying about whether he had hurt her feelings. 3if既可引导状语从句，也可引导宾语从句。如果用if会引起歧义，应避免使用if，而用whether。 Please let me know if you want to join us.（if引导的从句是宾语从句，if表示是否） Please let me know if
4、 you want to join us.（if引导条件状语从句，if表示如果） Please let me know whether you want to join us.（为避免引起歧义，可用whether表示是否） Cwho, whom, whose, what, which 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which等在从句中既起连接作用，同时又担当主语、宾语、定语或表语等成分。 No one knows who he was waiting for. We are worrying about what we should do next.Dwhere, w
5、hen, how, why 连接副词where, when, how, why等在从句中既是连接词，又作状语。 I dont know where we are going to have the meeting. She always thinks of how she can work well. 比较： when引导的时间状语从句和名词性从句中的不同时态。 Please let me know when you arrive. 你到的时候，请告诉我一声。（when引导的是时间状语从句，从句中用一般现在时来表示将来。） Please let me know when you will ar
6、rive. 请告诉我你什么时候到。（when引导的是宾语从句，从句中用一般将来时。） Ewhoever, whomever, whatever, whichever, whosever 连接代词whoever = anyone who任何人, 无论谁；whatever =anything that凡是.，无论什么；whichever = anything that无论那一个, 任何一个；whomever = anyone whom （whoever的宾格形式）。 Whoever comes to the club is welcome. Whatever is worth doing at a
7、ll is worth doing well. They ate whatever they could find o the deserted island. You may do whatever you will. 比较： 连接代词whoever在宾语从句中作主语，whomever作宾语从句中宾语。 You may offer he book to whoever wants it. 你可把这本书给任何想要的人。（此句中不能使用whomever，因为whoever在宾语从句中作wants it的主语） You may offer the book to whomever you like
8、.你可把这本书给任何你喜欢的人。（whomever在宾语从句中作you like的宾语）一、主语从句主语从句通常放在谓语动词或系动词前，常位于复合句句首。1引导主语从句的关联词有三类：(1)从属连词that / whetherThat they were sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them.Whether hell come here isnt clear. (2) 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever (3) 连接副词 w
9、here, when, how, why如：What she did is not yet known. How this happened is not clear to anyone. Whoever comes is welcome.2主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有：A.It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural, necessary, important, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+that从句。It is
10、 certain that she will do well in her exam. It is probable that he told her everything. B. It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, a shame, no surprise, etc.)+that从句。如：Its a pity that we cant go. Its no surprise that our team should have won the game. C. It+be+过去分词(said, reported, tho
11、ught, expected, decided, announced, arranged, etc.)+that从句。如：It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit.D. It+seem, happen等不及物动词及短语+that从句。如：It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all. It happened that I
12、 was out that day. E. It+doesnt matter (makes no difference, etc.)+连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。如：It doesnt matter whether she will come or not. It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting. F.当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。如：Is it true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week? Doe
13、s it matter much that they will not come tomorrow? G. 当主语从句出现在感叹句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。如：How strange it is that the children are so quiet! 3注意连接代词whoever, whatever, whichever等引导主语从句的含义Whoever comes will be welcome. (whoever=the person who) Whatever he did was right. (whatever=the thing that) Whichev
14、er of you comes in will receive a prize. (whichever=anyone of you who)二、表语从句 表语从句放在连系动词之后，充当复合句中的表语。 A可接表语从句的连系动词 可接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, seem, sound, appear等。 China is no longer what she used to be. The question remains whether they will be able to help us. It appears that he has a taste for music. B
15、as, as if / though引导的表语从句 He looked just as he had looked ten years before. It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door. Cbecause, why引导的表语从句 I think it is because you are talking too much. Thats because he didnt understand me. 注意 what引导的主语从句表示结果或名词reason作主语时，后面的表语从句表示原因时要用that引导，一般不宜用because。 The reason why I was sad was that he didnt understand me. What cost him his life was that he was too careless. D使用虚拟语气的表语从句 1. 在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的名词后的表语从句，谓语动词需用should+动词原形表示，should可省略。常见的词有：advice
