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1、形容词 副词大多数的形容词、副词都有三个等级： 原级：比较级： 比较.，更.一些 最高级： 最. （A）1.构成：(规则情况)情况 变 化 方 法 例 词 单音节词和少数双音节词: 一般情况 加er, est clever-cleverer-cleverest 以字母e结尾 加r, st nice-nicer-nicest 重读闭音节、末尾只有一个辅音字母时 双写加er, est big-bigger-biggest以辅音字母加y结尾 变y为i加er, est early-earlier-earliest 部分双音节和多音节词 在词前加more, most slowly-more slowly
2、-most slowly 2.不规则变化，须熟记： good/well-better-best many/much-more-most far-farther-farthestbad/badly/ill-worse-worst little-less-least (B)常见的使用情况 1.as as 和.一样（中间用原级） 2.not as(so) as 和.不一样（中间用原级） 3 than . .比.（用比较级） 4.有范围修饰的用最高级 如:in, of, among或用从句修饰的 eg.Winter is the coldest season of the year. This is
3、the best film that I have ever seen . 5.比较级+and+比较级 意为“越来越.eg: wetter and wetter more and more beautiful 6. The+比较级，the+比较级 越.就越. eg:The more, the better. 越多越好 (C)注意点：1.形容词最高级前一定要用the,副词最高级前可省略。 2.可用much, a little, even, still等修饰比较级。 3.在比较级中为了避免重复，在than后常用one,that,those等词来替代前面提到过的名词。eg:The weather h
4、ere is warmer than that of Shanghai. (D)掌握三种同义句转换：1.He is taller than any other student in his class. =He is the tallest (student)in his class. 2.This film is less interesting than that one. =This film isnt as interesting as that one. =That film is more interesting than this one. 3.I prefer maths to
5、 English. =I like maths better than English. Which do you like _, fish, meat _ eggs? A.best, or B.better,or C.best, and D.better,and 此外，关于形容词、副词的内容同学们还须掌握： 1.形容词修饰名词作定语，跟在连系动词之后作表语。 2.副词修饰动词、形容词或其它副词 enough属例外词：形/副+enough to do enough+名词 例如;She is old enough to go to school. 她够上学的年龄了。 3.区别几组易混淆的副词:
6、也 too用于肯定、疑问句 also 较为正式书面语 either 用于否定句 已经 already 常用于肯定句、疑问句 yet 常用于否定句、疑问句 不再 no (not any) longer 从时间上讲 no (not any) more 从动作上讲 如此这样 such 修饰名词 eg: such a big box so 修饰形容词、副词 eg: so big 单独、独自 alone 作表语 =by oneself 孤独的 lonely 可作表语、定语 eg:A group of girls are singing and dancing _ over there. (happy)
7、练习题 1.The students are having a good time in the park. Some are drawing by the lake. _ are climbing the hill. A.Others B. Other C. Another D.The other 2.There isnt _ in todays newspaper. A. important something B. important anything C. anything important D. nothing important 3.-Whose watch is this, M
8、ary? Is it your sisters? -No,Mum. Its not _. Its _. A.hers, my B. her, my C. Mine, hers D.hers, mine 4.The Changjiang River is the third _ river in the world. A.long B.longer C.longest D.the longest 5. An elephant is _ than a horse. A.more strong B. much stronger C. the most strong D. much more stro
9、ng 6. Which do you like _, tea, orange or water? A.good B.Well C. Better D. Best 一、介词 1与形容词搭配的词组有： be afraid of （怕） be angry with （生某人的气） be away from （不在某地） be different from （与不同） be good at （善于） be good/ bad for (对有益/有害) be interested in （对感兴趣） be late for （迟到） be/get ready for （为作好准备） be sure of
10、 (对有把握) be worried about （为感到担忧） 2介词后常用人称代词宾格和动词-ing形式 1)You must take good care of her. 2)Thank you for teaching us so well. 3几组易混淆的介词 A “在.之后” in + 一段时间（用于一般将来时） after + 一段时间（用于一般过去时） after + 一点时间（常用于一般将来时） 如：The baby stopped crying after half an hour. The baby will stop crying in half an hour. Th
11、ey will visit their teacher after Friday. B for +一段时间 since +过去的一点时间 这两者均用于现在完成时，具体在时态部分，我会继续向同学们讲解。 C be made of 用制成 be made in “由某地制造”be made by somebody “由某人制成” D in, on, at表时间 in “在某月(季节、年)等” eg:in 1996, in January, in summer 固定词组：in the morning, in a week,in a minute,in time, in the end on 用于指具
12、体的某一天或专指某一天上午、下午或晚上等 eg:on Christmas Day, on the night of February 16 at “用于具体时刻前和某些固定词组中” 固定词组：at seven, at the moment, at night, at last, at first, at noon, at times, at once, at this time of the year, at the beginning of, at the end of this month, at the same time 注意：在表时间里，下列情况下一般不用介词。词组里有：next,
13、last, this, that, tomorrow, yesterday, one, every, all 以及the day before yesterday和the day after tomorrow 前不用介词 。 如:不能说 in tomorrow ,只能说 tomorrow 在明天 E. except +宾格/doing something 除之外” （不包括本身） Everyone is at school today except Lin Tao. (同义句转换) =Only Lin Tao isnt at school today. F “用” 通过交通工具 by plan
14、e 用语言 in English 通过媒介 on /over the telephone, on /over the radio, on TV 用工具手段 with a pen, with ones hands G between “在和（两者）之间” between.and., between the two. among 在.之间(三者或三者以上) eg.Sue spent over two hours _ her homework yesterday evening. A.on B.with C.at D.over 二、连词 1并列连词 bothand 既又谓语用复数动词 neithernor 既不也不含否定意义，（就近原则）谓语动词由靠近它的那个主语来决定单复数。 eitheror “或者 或者”“不是就是” and“和” 连接两个并列成分,
