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1、Chapter 8 /Application: the Costs of Taxation v 573Chapter 8 Application: the Costs of TaxationTRUE/FALSE1.Total surplus is always equal to the sum of consumer surplus and producer surplus.ANS:FDIF:2REF:8-1NAT:AnalyticLOC:Supply and demandTOP:Total surplusMSC:Interpretive2.Total surplus in a market
2、does not change when the government imposes a tax on that market because the loss of consumer surplus and producer surplus is equal to the gain of government revenue.ANS:FDIF:2REF:8-1NAT:AnalyticLOC:Supply and demandTOP:Total surplusMSC:Interpretive3.When a tax is imposed on buyers, consumer surplus
3、 and producer surplus both decrease.ANS:TDIF:2REF:8-1NAT:AnalyticLOC:Supply and demandTOP:Consumer surplus | Producer surplusMSC:Interpretive4.When a tax is imposed on buyers, consumer surplus decreases but producer surplus increases.ANS:FDIF:2REF:8-1NAT:AnalyticLOC:Supply and demandTOP:Consumer sur
4、plus | Producer surplusMSC:Interpretive5.When a tax is imposed on sellers, producer surplus decreases but consumer surplus increases.ANS:FDIF:2REF:8-1NAT:AnalyticLOC:Supply and demandTOP:Consumer surplus | Producer surplusMSC:Interpretive6.When a tax is imposed on sellers, consumer surplus and produ
5、cer surplus both decrease.ANS:TDIF:2REF:8-1NAT:AnalyticLOC:Supply and demandTOP:Consumer surplus | Producer surplusMSC:Interpretive7.Taxes affect market participants by increasing the price paid by the buyer and received by the seller.ANS:FDIF:1REF:8-1NAT:AnalyticLOC:Supply and demandTOP:TaxesMSC:Ap
6、plicative8.Taxes affect market participants by increasing the price paid by the buyer and decreasing the price received by the seller.ANS:TDIF:1REF:8-1NAT:AnalyticLOC:Supply and demandTOP:TaxesMSC:Applicative9.A tax raises the price received by sellers and lowers the price paid by buyers.ANS:FDIF:1R
7、EF:8-1NAT:AnalyticLOC:Supply and demandTOP:EfficiencyMSC:Interpretive10.Normally, both buyers and sellers of a good become worse off when the good is taxed.ANS:TDIF:2REF:8-1NAT:AnalyticLOC:Supply and demandTOP:WelfareMSC:Interpretive11.When a good is taxed, the tax revenue collected by the governmen
8、t equals the decrease in the welfare of buyers and sellers caused by the tax.ANS:FDIF:2REF:8-1NAT:AnalyticLOC:Supply and demandTOP:Welfare | Tax revenueMSC:Interpretive12.A tax places a wedge between the price buyers pay and the price sellers receive.ANS:TDIF:1REF:8-1NAT:AnalyticLOC:Supply and deman
9、dTOP:EfficiencyMSC:Interpretive13.A tax on a good causes the size of the market to increase.ANS:FDIF:1REF:8-1NAT:AnalyticLOC:Supply and demandTOP:EfficiencyMSC:Interpretive14.A tax on a good causes the size of the market to shrink.ANS:TDIF:1REF:8-1NAT:AnalyticLOC:Supply and demandTOP:EfficiencyMSC:I
10、nterpretive15.When a tax is imposed, the loss of consumer surplus and producer surplus as a result of the tax exceeds the tax revenue collected by the government.ANS:TDIF:2REF:8-1NAT:AnalyticLOC:Supply and demandTOP:WelfareMSC:Interpretive16.Economists use the governments tax revenue to measure the
11、public benefit from a tax.ANS:TDIF:2REF:8-1NAT:AnalyticLOC:Supply and demandTOP:WelfareMSC:Interpretive17.Because taxes distort incentives, they cause markets to allocate resources inefficiently.ANS:TDIF:2REF:8-1NAT:AnalyticLOC:Supply and demandTOP:EfficiencyMSC:Interpretive18.Taxes cause deadweight
12、 losses because they prevent buyers and sellers from realizing some of the gains from trade.ANS:TDIF:2REF:8-1NAT:AnalyticLOC:Supply and demandTOP:Deadweight lossMSC:Interpretive19.As the price elasticities of supply and demand increase, the deadweight loss from a tax increases.ANS:TDIF:2REF:8-2NAT:A
13、nalyticLOC:ElasticityTOP:Elasticity | Deadweight lossMSC:Applicative20.The greater the elasticity of demand, the smaller the deadweight loss of a tax.ANS:FDIF:2REF:8-2NAT:AnalyticLOC:ElasticityTOP:Elasticity | Deadweight lossMSC:Interpretive21.The more inelastic are demand and supply, the greater is
14、 the deadweight loss of a tax.ANS:FDIF:2REF:8-2NAT:AnalyticLOC:ElasticityTOP:Elasticity | Deadweight lossMSC:Applicative22.The elasticities of the supply and demand curves in the market for cigarettes affect how much a tax distorts that market.ANS:TDIF:2REF:8-2NAT:AnalyticLOC:ElasticityTOP:Elasticit
15、y | Deadweight lossMSC:Interpretive23.If a tax did not induce buyers or sellers to change their behavior, it would not cause a deadweight loss.ANS:TDIF:2REF:8-2NAT:AnalyticLOC:Supply and demandTOP:Deadweight lossMSC:Interpretive24.The most important tax in the U.S. economy is the tax on corporations profits.
