《短文改错专题复习.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《短文改错专题复习.doc（6页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、高考英语改错热点难点探讨一试题性质NMET短文改错是集语法知识与语言技能为一体的综合性英语试题，旨在考查学生对语言的评价、校正能力和对词汇、语法、语篇三要素的把握能力。“考试说明”将短文改错列入写作部分，间接考查考生的英语写作能力。高考短文改错要求以语篇为载体，从词语、句法、语篇结构及行文逻辑上判别正误。二、题型分析短文改错的题型设置通常以正确、多词、缺词和错词这四种形式出现，近五年各种形式所占 的比重（以全国卷为例）见表1。三错误设置由此可见，短文改错考查虽然涉及面广，但却有所侧重。考查点测试频率最高的是动词，涉及动词考查的有时态、语态、非谓语动词形式、情态动词和主谓一致等，是考查的热点；名
2、词的考查往往占一个，并且是关于词尾变化的；代词、冠词、形容词、副词、介词、连词的基本用法也会考查一至两个。四、错词类型归纳,提高改错的准确率 命题角度 考点解题思路名词冠词判断名词前的冠词是否误用名词名词的数 句中名词该用单数还是复数动词 动词时态、语态以及主谓一致 根据上下文判断动词时态、语态是否有误、主谓搭配是否正确 非谓语动词分词、动名词、不定式 根据上下文判断非谓语动词是否误用 代词人称代词的格、指示代词及关系代词与从句关系 1.人称代词的格是否误用 2.代词前后指代是否一致3.定语从句中关系词是否误用形容词、副词词法判断句中形容词和副词是否误用 介词惯用法惯用法中介词是否误用 连词句
3、法判断句中并列连词、从属连词是否误用 五、应试技巧点拨 1）通读全文，了解文章主旨大意，确定文章的题材、体裁，把握文章的背景知识。 （2）逐句分析，把握结构。粗略分析词法、句法、逻辑上是否有问题。 （3）逐行修改，先易后难。 （4）复读全文，验证答案。一要注意错误点的分散与比例，二要注意答题是否合乎规范。下面就具体介绍短文改错中的常见问题：v 一、一致性问题v 1.主谓一致v 1)What are your favourite sport？v 2)Play football not only makes us grow up tall 。v 3)Now my picture and the p
4、rize is hanging in the library. 2.时态一致v 1)It was very kind of them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home. v 2)They offered me coffee and other drinks.We have a good time talking and laughing.v 3)Hello，I learn about you from my English teacher， 3.名词的单复数一致v 1)and asked me lots o
5、f question. v 2)We study quite a few subject，such as maths， v 3)and often watch football match on TV 4.代词的性、数一致1)The Smiths did his best to make me feel 2)And they must not break the rules too often if we want to win the games 3)Some wanted to see the programme while others preferred another. 5.语意一致
6、She was smiling but nodding at me.二、词义的重叠（赘述）v 高考英语改错题中的赘述是指在一些固定表达中或从上下文逻辑来看用了多余的词，从而使句子表达不合规范或造成逻辑上的重复。v （1）I followed her advice and should put down 100 words or so each day.v （2）Can you tell me about what I should do? （3）I had to look up to the same word many times, . 三、逻辑关系。v 复合句中连接主句和从句的关系词或引导
7、词的运用是否得当等。（1）I wont be able to meet you at the airport although I have classes in the afternoon. （2）I dont know that they dont like to talk with me. (3)I live in Beijing，where is the capital of China.四、固定结构（固定句型、固定短语、固定搭配）v 所谓固定结构是指英语中一些不能随意更改的习惯表达。如固定短语中的词不能缺，固定搭配要前后一致等。（1）Soon I began to enjoy tal
8、k to myself on paper as I was . （2）I am sure they will laugh to me and see me as a fool.（3）from friends can all provide you for stamps from all over the world.具体实例子(1) -应用文押中指数【押题依据】 英语应用文是实用性较强的书面交际方式，是短文改错中最常用的体裁，全国卷（I、IV）均为应用文体裁，多是信件写作，短文改错中书信、通知、日记将是主流押题一Dear Ron,I was exciting to hear that you
9、are coming to our school soon. Now let me to introduce our school to you. Our school is a famous school with long history. We have many experience teachers and excellent equipment. There are two teach buildings. There are too one lab building and one dorm building. Except Chinese, maths, English, ph
10、ysics and chemistry, we still have some subjects. The students can choose whichever they would like attend. We love our school. I am looking to meet you. Yours, Li Hua归纳短文改错错误类型:(一) 词法的测试1.名词：主要是查名词是否可数，与其修饰语是否一致。eg: 1) I have many hobby, such as football, sing, listen music. Hobby是可数名词，在这要用复数形式；pla
11、ying football是一项运动，football只是一种球； sing和listen to 要用动名词形式。 2) Do exercises do good to our healthy. exercise作运动讲是不可数名词，do exercise作主语要用动名词形式，谓动用单数；healthy是形容词， 这里要用名词形式。 3) Reading books is one of my hobby. one of 后的名词应用复数形式。2. 代词：对于短文中出现的每一个代词都要查一下它所指代的内容及在句中的作用，注意其数、格、词性是否正确和前后是否一致，常考的代词包括人称代词、指示代词、
12、反身代词、关系代词及疑问代词等。1).He drove too fast, and the police stopped her.前面提到的是he而后面却用her来代，故应将her改为him. 2).This is the best film which I have ever seen. 先行词前有最高级修饰应用关系代词that 而不是which。3. 冠词：英语中只有三个冠词，但用起来却很复杂，在短文改 错中，错误不外乎该用冠词时没有用，不该用时却用了；该用an用了a，该用a(n)却用了the.1) I meant to write letter and tell you all the
13、thingsletter为可数名词,故write后应加a. 2) I like playing the football. 去the 3) He is a honest boy. a改为an4. 介词：检查介词主要是查介词与动词、形容词、名词的搭配，介词惯用词组等是否正确。1) I am writing to thank you with your kind help.thank sb. for sth.为固定搭配，故应将with 改为for.2) Im the happiest in all.此句想表达的意思是“我是所有人中最高兴的”。故应将in改为 of. 3) Under the hel
14、p of my father, I under 改为 with 4) He went to Beijing in next Sunday. in 改为on5. 形容词、副词：形容词、副词的误用主要指在该用形容词的地方用了副词，该用副词的地方用了形容词。改错行中出现形容词或副词时就要仔细分析该形容词或副词修饰什么，形式是否正确，是原级、比较级还是最高级。形容词、副词误用也是常考的改错项目之一。1) I had not interest in English .interest是名词，应用形容词no来修饰，而not是副词，副词不能修饰名2) These are the happier girls
15、Ive ever seen.(NMET2007)此处有Ive ever seen限定，应用最高级，故happier应改为 happiest.3) You can borrow a book very easy. easy 改为easily.4) These books are very worth reading. 用well 修饰6. 连词：短文改错中出现连词就要判断连词用的是否正确，是否 符合句子意思；连接的是词还是句子，是否符合逻辑关系。此外如果是平行结构就要注意前后时态、语态、词性一致问题平行结构常借助与并列连词and , or , but , not onlybut also, notbut, eitheror,
