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1、SENSORLESS SPEED CONTROL OF A SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MOTOR FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONSAbstract: The Elektrotechnische Institut of the University Karlsruhe has developed, optimised and manufactured a Switched Reluctance Drive with power converters and control engineering according to the latest scientif
2、ic findings. The motor has been constructed for the rated output power of 18,5kW at 1500r.p.m. for industrial applications. The common supply for the voltage-source converter is 3x400V/50Hz. For this application the authors have developed a method to estimate the rotor position and the speed without
3、 a rotor position encoder.Keywords:OPTIM,Switched Reluctance Motor，Sensorless Speed Control, Estimation of Rotor Position1. IntroductionThe sensorless speed control and the estimation of the rotor position have already been treated in several publications. The authors of these publications preferrab
4、ly used smaller motors or high-speed drives for their tests. Differing from these publications, this paper will discuss the sensorless speed control of a motor with a relatively high rated torque of 118 Nm. Furthermore, the strength of this Switched Reluctance Motor must be seen in a speed range bel
5、ow 1000r.p.m. Within this range, its efficiency and its dynamic is very high .Wo1. This paper treats the operation of a high torque SR drive for low-speed applications without a rotor position encoder. The results of this test do not provide a complete solution for the sensorless speed control but t
6、hey can be seen as basic idea and as stimulation for following further tests. The selection of the method, its restrictions and possibilities will be discussed here.2. Motor designThe Elektrotechnische Institut selected the Switched Reluctance Motor with 16 stator poles and 12 rotor teeth. It is a 4
7、-phase-winding machine, the 4 stator poles that are shifted by 90 to each other form one phase-winding .3. Voltage-source converterThe voltage-source converter consists of a mains and a motor converter. The common supply for the threephase-self-commutated mains converter is 400V/50Hz.4. Flux-current
8、 methodThe procedure for the sensorless estimation of rotor position and speed must be suitable for the test drive with 18.5kW, 118Nm and 1500r.p.m. It definitely has to use the non-linear model of the Switched Reluctance Motor. A very good overview of sensorless methods for determining the rotor po
9、sition of switched reluctance motors is given in Ray. For the test drive, we selected the flux-current method. 5. Angle filterDespite the good results for the estimation of the rotor position, single values can vary strongly from theactual position. There are ranges within thecharacteristic of the f
10、lux-linkage where smallerchanges of the current or flux cause a bigger change ofthe rotor position. Within these ranges, already smallermeasurement inaccuracies cause a relatively big errorin the estimation of the rotor position. Experiment shave shown that the estimation within an angle ranging fro
11、m -3 to -7 respectively from 3 to 7operates very reliably. For the remaining range the estimated angle should undergo a plausibility check. Due to the inertia moment of the motor, the speed remains almost constant during a sampling time of 120ms. If the angle of the actual sampling instant which is
12、estimated from the flux linkage deviates from the previous detection step in inadmissable size, the new angle is calculated by the previous angle and product of speed and sampling time. Within the torque control the estimated angle isrequired for defining the switch-on / switch-off timesfor the phas
13、e currents. Torque and speed control of theSwitched Reluctance Drives are described in Wo1. They have also been implemented on the DSP.传感器速度控制开关磁阻电机的工业应用摘要：电气学院的卡尔斯鲁厄大学的发展，优化和生产的开关磁阻电机功率转换器与控制工程按照最新的科学发现。电机已建造的额定输出功率18.5千瓦的1500r.p.m ，适用于工业应用。共同供应电压源转换器3x400V/50Hz 。针对这种应用，作者开发了一个方法来估计转子位置和速度无转子位置编码器。
14、关键词：电刷，开关磁阻电机，速度控制传感器，转子位置估计1 .导言有几个出版物介绍了速度控制传感器和估计转子位置。作者这些出版物最好是用较小的汽车或高速硬盘来验证他们的试验。 与这些出版物不同，本文将讨论速度控制传感器的马达，有相对较高的额定力矩118牛顿米。此外，这个强度的开关磁阻电机必须被看作是一次速度范围如1000r.p.m 。在此范围，其效率和其动态是非常高的 Wo1 本文处理的运行高力矩简驱动，对于低速应用无转子位置编码器。测试结果，不提供完整的解决速度控制传感器方法，但它们可以被视为基本的想法和促进下一步的试验。所选择的方法、其限制和可能性，将在这里讨论。2 .汽车设计选定的电气学
15、院的开关磁阻电动机定子与16杆和12槽。这是一个4相绕组电机， 4定子极有转移的90 彼此形成一相绕组。3.电压源转换器电压源转换器包括一个电源和一个电机转换。它们的三相电供应都来自整流电源转换器的400V/50Hz 。4 .磁通电流法程序的估计转子位置传感器位置和速度必须适合试驾与18.5千瓦， 118Nm和1500r.p.m 。它肯定了使用非线性模型的开关磁阻汽车。一个非常不错的概要介绍传感器方法确定转子位置的开关磁阻汽车是在热射线 。为测试方便，我们选择磁通电流的方法。5.角度传感器尽管有良好的结果估计转子位置，可以改变单一的转子的实际位置。在特定的范围内，通量关系到较小变化的电流或流量造成更大的变化转子位置。在这些范围内，已经测量的较小的不准确估计的转子位置将造成比较大的错误。实验表明，估计在一个角从-3 至-7 分别从3 7 运行非常可靠。至于其余的范围估计角应进行合理性检查。由于转动惯量的汽车，速度仍然几乎在采样时间120ms 。如果看实际抽样即时估计从磁链偏离以往检测步骤被拒入境大小，新的角度的计算方法是前角和产品的速度和采样时间。力矩控制范围内的估计角需要界定接通/关闭时间为相电流。转矩和速度控制开关磁阻电机驱动器中 Wo1 所描述的 。他们已经采用了DSP控制。
