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1、英译汉翻译15种技巧1. amplificationamplificationforthepurposeofrhetoricorcoherence（修辞性或连贯性增Icametoagardenofgrottoes,pavilionsandshapelyrocksandtrees.我来到一个假山花园前，园中亭阁玲珑，山石嶙峋，树木葱茏。Amplificationbyrepetition（重复性增词）Avoidusingthiscomputerinextremecold,heat,dustorhumidity.不要在过冷，过热，灰尘过重，湿度过大的情况下使用此电脑。2. omissionomitt
2、ingthepronounpronounsaremorefrequentlyusedinEnglishthaninChinese.Therefore,whentranslatedintoChinese,manyEnglishpronounsmaybeomittedsoastoconformtherenderingtotheaccustomedusageofChineseexpression.Fortwoweeks,hehadbeenstudyingthehouse,lookingatitsrooms,itselectricwiring,itsbathanditsgarden.两周以来，他一直注
3、意观察房子的情况，查看各个房间，留心电线的走向，通道和花园的布局。OmittingthearticleAnysubstanceismadeupofatomswhetheritisasolid,aliquid,oragas.任何物质，不论是固体，液体还是气体，都由原子组成。3. divisionSometimes,anEnglishsentencewitharestrictiveattributiveclauseistoolongortoocomplicatedforthetranslatortotakeasasinglesentence.Inthiscase,wemaydivideitinto
4、twoorseveralparts,placingtheattributiveclauseaftertheprincipleclausetoconformtotheChineseusage,repeatingtheantecedentbeingmodified.Eg:TheyarestrivingfortheidealwhichisclosetotheheartofeveryChineseandforwhich,inthepast,manyChinesehavelaiddowntheirlives。他们正在为实现一个理想而努力，这个理想是每个中国人所珍爱的，在过去，许多中国人为了这个理想而牺牲
5、了自己的生命。Hemanagedtoraiseacropof200miracletomatoesthatweigheduptotwopoundseach.他种出了200个大得惊人的西红柿，每个重达两磅。4. combination(combinationinrestrictiveattributiveclauses)Pollutionisapressingproblemwhichwemustdealwith.污染是我们必须解决的一个迫切问题。Thepeoplewhoworkedforhimlivedinmortalfearofhim.在他手下工作的人对他怕得要死。5. extensionthe
6、extensionofmeaningmaybeeitherfromthespecifictothegeneralorfromtheconcretetotheabstract,andviceversa.Itismorethantransienteverydayness.这远非一时的柴米油盐问题。(fromtheabstracttotheconcrete)Americanslovework,itismeatanddrinktothem美国人热爱工作。对他们来说，工作就是乐趣。6. substitutionthetechniqueisusedtoreplacethewordsoftheorigina
7、lexpressionwithChinesesynonymsoridiomsaccordingtodifferentsituations.Hewasindeedagoodriddance他还是不在的好。Thesameisnottruewithamortalillness.如果是得了不治之症，情况就不一样了。7. repetitionIseekbutseekinvain.寻寻觅觅，冷冷清清，凄凄惨惨戚戚。Youshouldhelphersinceyouhavepromisedtodoso.你既然答应了要帮助她就应当帮助她。8. conversionofwordclassnounsconverte
8、dintoverbsIthinkmylittlebrotherisabetterteacherthanI.我认为我的小弟弟比我教得好。AdjectivesconvertedintoverbsDoctorshavesaidthattheyarenotsuretheycansavehislife.医生说他们不敢肯定能否救得了他的命。9. conversionofgrammaticalfunctionconvertingattributiveelementsintoindependentsentences,adverbialclauses,etc.Thisisanelectricalmethod,w
9、hichismostpromisingwhenthewaterisbrackish.这是一种电气方法。当水含盐时，它最有希望。Nowadaysitisunderstoodthatadietwhichcontainsnothingharmful丫丫厂丫mayresultinseriousdiseaseifcertainimportantelementsaremissing.现在人们已经懂得，如果饮食中缺少了某些重要成分，即使食物不含有任何有害物质，也会引起严重疾病。10. conversionofvoiceConvertingthepassivevoiceintotheactiveEverymo
10、mentofeveryday,energyisbeingtransformedfromoneformintoanother.每时每刻，能量都在由一种形式变为另一种形式。Communicationssatellitesareusedforinternationallivetransmissionthroughouttheworld.全世界都将通信卫星用于国际间的实况转播。11ConvertfromhypotactictoparatacticHypotacticVSParatacticHehadadisconcertinghabitofexpressingcontradictoryideasinr
11、apidsuccession.他有一种令人难堪的习惯：一会儿一个看法，自相矛盾，变化无常。Thepresentonslaughtofvehiclesposesaseriousthreattourbanlifeandpedestrianpeaceofmind.车辆横冲直撞，严重地威胁着城市生活，路上行人无不提心吊胆。12. conversionfromimpersonaltopersonalImpersonalVSPersonalThethickcarpetkilledthesoundofmyfootsteps.我走在厚厚的地毯上，一点儿脚步声也没有。Excitementdeprivedmeof
12、allpowerofutterance.我兴奋得说不出话来。13. conversionfromtheabstracttoconcreteAbstractVSConcreteTheabsenceofintelligenceisanindicationofsatisfactoryofdevelopments没有消息即表明有令人满意的进步。Ahighdegreeofcarelessness,pre-operativeandpost-operative,onthepartofsomeofthehospitalstaff,tookplace.医院某些医护人员在手术前后都非常粗心。14. convers
13、ionfromcomplextosimplexComplexVSSimplexManyman-madesubstancesarereplacingcertainnaturalmaterialsbecauseeitherthequalityofthenaturalproductcannotmeetourever-increasingrequirement,or,moreoften,becausethephysicalpropertiesofthesyntheticsubstance,whichisthecommonnameforman-madematerials,havebeenchosen,a
14、ndevenemphasized,sothatitwouldbeofthegreatestuseinthefieldsinwhichitistobeapplied.人造材料通称为合成材料。许多人造材料正在代替某些天然材料，这或者是由于天然材料的数量不能满足日益增长的需要，或者是由于人们选择了合成材料的一些物理性质并加以突出而造成的。因此，合成材料在其应用领域讲具有极大的用途。Butforagriculture,mancouldnotexist,norcouldsocialproductionproceed.没有农业，人类便不能生存，社会生存也就不能继续下去。15. conversionfromnegativetopositiveAffirmativeinEnglish,butnegativeinChineseHedeniedittobethecase.他说事实不是这样NegativeinEnglish,butaffirmativeinChineseThedoubtwasstillunresolvedafterhisrepeatedexplanation经他一再解释，疑团仍然存在。
