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1、A COMPARISION OF CULTURAL CONNOTATIONS BETWEEN CHINESE AND ENGLISH ANIMAL WORDS AND THEIR TRANSLATION汉英动物词的文化内涵对比及翻译byWang SenJune, 2007Xiaogan University AbstractThere are a large number of words, idioms and expressions both in Chinese and English that are related to animals. Some of their meanings
2、, cultural connotations and the range of usage are the same or similar, and some are different. On the one hand, they are the same or similar, because human beings have some similar capabilities of thought, some same laws of cognition, and some animals have the same important role in the human life
3、of these two nations, and have the same attributes and features. On the other hand, because of the long course of history between these two social groups, they are discrepant in religion, history, geographical environment and customs. These discrepancies make animal words different in their cultural
4、 connotations in these two languages. Because of these discrepancies, we should consider the differences and similarities of the cultural connotations carried by animal words when translating animal words. Only in this way, can we translate correctly the real meanings and the style of the original,
5、and promote the cross-cultural exchanges between the two countries.Key Words: animal word; cultural connotation; discrepancy; translation method汉英动物词的文化内涵对比及翻译摘 要 中英文里都含有大量和动物有关的词语、习语和表达。它们的词义、文化内涵及其应用范围都有相同或相似之处，也有不同之处。一方面，它们有共同或相似之处，这是因为人类有相似的思维能力；共同的认知规律；一些动物在汉英两大民族生活中占有同等重要的地位；以及这些动物本身的固有属性和特点。另
6、一方面，由于汉英两大社会群体在各自漫长的历史进程中，各自的宗教不同；历史文化不同；地理环境不同；习俗不同，这又形成两者之间的差异。由于这种差异的存在，在翻译时，我们应充分考虑动物词所含文化内含的差异。只有这样，我们才能正确传译出原文的真正含义和风格，促进两者的跨文化交流。关键词：动物词；文化内涵；差异；翻译方法Contents1. Introduction12. Cultural connotations of animal words in Chinese and English12.1 A comparison of animal words in Chinese and English1
7、2.1.1Basic correspondence of cultural connotations22.1.2 Partial correspondence of cultural connotations22.1.3 No correspondence of cultural connotations22.2 The causes of the discrepancy between cultural connotations between Chinese and English animal words32.2.1 Religion32.2.2 History32.2.3 Geogra
8、phical environment42.2.4 Customs53. Some Methods of translating animal words 63.1 Literal translation63.2 Substitution73.3 Liberal translation84. Translations change as the time changes85. Conclusion9 Bibliography11 A Comparison of Cultural Connotations Between Chinese and English Animal Words and t
9、heir Translation1. IntroductionIn the long history of human beings, animals are always closely related to our existence and development. Some are a kind of important food to people; some offer the labor for agriculture; some support the inspirations for some inventions of science and technology; and
10、 some are a kind of close friends of people, playing an important role in the mankinds society. Thus animal words and expressions have slowly become a significant member of the basic vocabulary of many languages in the world. Chinese and English are no exception. Some animal words in Chinese and Eng
11、lish are the same or similar in cultural connotations, because the Chinese people and the English people have some same capabilities of thought, some same laws of cognition, and some animals have the same important role in the human life of these two nations, and have the same attributes and feature
12、s. But some of them are dissimilar or different. The cause of it is that the English people and the Chinese people are different in religion, history, geographical environment, customs and so on. This paper tries to elaborate the similarities and the differences between the cultural connotations car
13、ried by animal words in Chinese and English, find out the causes of differences, and then discuss some methods and techniques for translating these animal words.2. Cultural connotations of animal words in Chinese and English In linguistics, English lexicon includes simple words, compounds and idioms
14、. And the meaning of a word includes grammatical meaning and lexical meaning. Lexical meaning has two parts. They are conceptual meaning and cognitive meaning. The former is the center of the meaning of the word, and it indicates definitely the object. Conceptual meaning has comparative stability, s
15、o it is also called referential meaning. Cognitive meaning has the meaning of emotional color, it shows emotions and attitudes to the contents that the word refers to. So cognitive meaning is also called connotative meaning. Cultural connotation contains cognitive meanings and cultural meanings. Cultural connotation of a word refers to the cultural information that a word has been given by the society, including the added meaning or the implied meaning given by the social background, and the special feelings conve
