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1、优质文档介词的用法一.表示时间日期的介词1 at：主要表示方向、场所、时间的某一点at the corner of the street，at dinner，at sixty miles an hour，be sold at three yuan a dozen，come at us固定搭配： at one time，at the beginning of，at the post office，at the airport， at the weekend，at the age of 25，at the same time， at present，at any time，表示缘由，表示“见/闻而
2、”。 at the newsat 主要表示时间点表示特定的时间 at night a.m. 在九点钟表示不确定的时间 at night, at that time, at Christmas在圣诞期间 当天 on表示年龄段 at the age of eight 在8岁2 in：表示场所、时间和期限、状况、方向。主要用来表示较长的时间单位，如月份、季节、年份等in the 1990s in the late 19th century形成“in+时段名词”的词组或固定搭配in those days，in the daytime，in a short while，in no time，in tim
3、e.in 主要表示时间段一般指相对较长的时间段里 in the morning, in spring, in the past ten years在时间之后，用于将来时 He will be back in a month.介词in在短语或句型中的省略：1) 某些形容词/过去分词后接v-ing形式时，v-ing形式前的介词in可以省略。be busy (in) doing be engaged (in) doing 忙于2) 某些动词如busy等，常和反身代词连用，其后的in也可以省略。busy oneself (in) doing 3) 某些动词如spend、pass、waste等和表示时间
4、的名词连用，后面的介词也可以省略。spend time (in) doing waste time (in) doing4) 在have no difficulty in doing sth.、have no trouble in doing sth.、have no business in doing sth.等句型中介词也可以省略。5) 在句型There is no use (in)doing sth.中，介词也可省略。固定搭配：in the world，in (the)future，in the snow /rain / storm，in ink，in short，in public，
5、in ones opinion，in modern times，in surprise，in a queue，in the open air3 on：主要表示在上面、依据或根底、有关或涉及的方面、表示某天。固定搭配：on doing sth.，on the afternoon of October，on Tuesday evening，on foot，hit sb. on the head，on the right/ left，on fire，on duty，on sale，on the radio， on show，on earth，on ones own留意：一般带有宗教色调的节日名词前面
6、用at，如圣诞节。一般的节日名词前用on。on 主要指详细某一天表示是详细的日期和星期 on Monday, on October 1st,1949. on my birthday某一天特定的上午下午或半夜 on the night of December 31,1999. on a fine day在第几天 on her first day to school, on the tenth day I was in Beijing.4 by主要表示接近、时限、动作的执行者、方式。固定搭配：by the village， by oneself，by foot(=on foot)，by hand，
7、learn by heart，二.表示地点，方位的介词5 for主要表示目的、缘由、交换值以刚好间和距离的长度。固定搭配：make sth. for sb.， thank sb. for sth.， for example， for sale，for free， for 表示一段时间表示一件事持续的长短,一般接详细的时间 I have lived in Nanjing for 2 years.6 of表示局部和全体的关系、全部关系、来源和所用的材料。of全部格表示的多种关系：1 附属关系：the wheel of the car2 局部-整体关系：some of the water3 量化关系
8、：a cup of tea4 描述关系：a professor of learning学问丰富的教授5 同位关系： the city of Beijing6 动宾关系：the study of the map探究地图7 主谓关系：the determination of the workers工人们的决心固定搭配： be fond of，make fun of，be tired of，of ones own，instead of， 7 to 主要表示方向、程度、结果、关系和位置。固定搭配to ones surprise / joy/ astonishment，to the east of，ke
9、y to，come up to，add up to，be open to the public， thanks to， stick to，refer to8.during 表示一段时间在期间内，强调在此期间内发生了什么事yI studied in this university for 4 years, during that time most of my time was spent in learning English.可接表示时间持续一段时间的名词 during my visit to China, during my holiday9.from 和to, till连用Most pe
10、ople work from nine to five. 多数人过着朝九晚五的生活10.since，since+时间点 从那一刻起，和此时此刻完成和过去完成时连用He has been here since last Sunday. 自从上星期天起，她就在这里四、 简单错、常考的介词及搭配1 be made of，be made from，be made into，be made in2 call on = visit，call for = go and pick up3 on business 出差/ strike罢工 / duty值日 / holiday / fire / vacation
11、 / watch戒备 / sale出售 / leave请假 / guard戒备4 have some trouble / difficulty (in) doing sth.，have a habit / idea / plan of doing sth.5 A is pleased to B，B is pleased with A对感到满足7 with the help of，under the leadership of8 by means of运用，by way of经由，by heart记住，by the way9 out of question毫无疑问，out of the ques
12、tion毫不行能10 prevent / stop / keep sb. from doing sth.11 be thankful to sb. for sth.12 steal sth. from sb.，rob sb. of sth.13 insist on doing sth.，persist in doing sth.，stick to，go on doing sth.14 set about doing sth.，set out to do sth.15 look sb. in the face，hit sb. on the face，lead the cow by the nos
13、e16 do a favour for sb. = do sb. a favour五、 介词的惯用型1 above all首先，after all，at all全然，in all2 day after day，year after year，one after one，one after another3 at peace和平，at war斗争，at times时常，at dinner4 by oneself，by all means尽一切方法、务必，by chance，by accident，by no means决不、并没有，by means of用、依靠 ，by the way5 in
14、her teens十几岁，in pain，in danger，in need6 to ones joy / sorrow / surprise7 with care细致地，with joy / pleasure开心地，with ones help，with the best wishes致以我们良好的祝福，without difficulty毫不困难地，without exception毫不例外，without delay马上、立刻8 according to依据，along with和一起，as to至于，because of，except for除之外，instead of代替9 out
15、of order不正常，out of date，out of trouble脱离逆境，out of sight，out of debt还清了债务，out of touch没有联系10 at the bottom of，at the centre of，at the end of，at the top of，at the cost of以为代价at the sight of，at the thought of，at a speed of11 in memory of纪念，in favour of同意，in the habit of有习惯，in touch with和保持联系，on the left of，on the eve of在前夕12 from time to time时常地， from day to day每天， from hand to hand一个传一个，from side to side左右地，from car to
