《川农考博英语英语》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《川农考博英语英语（26页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、四川农业大学招收攻读博士学位研究生考试试题科目名称：1080英语(总分：100分)考生注意：所有答案必需写在答题纸上，否则无效！本试题随同答题纸交回！English Test for Candidates of Doctors(Sichuan Agricultural University )Part One: Reading comprehension (40%)Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.In a purely biological sense, fear begins with the bo
2、dys system for reacting to things that can harm us the so-called fight-or-flight response. An animal that cant detect danger cant stay alive, says Joseph LeDoux. Like animals, humans evolved with an elaborate mechanism for processing information about potential threats. At its core is a cluster of n
3、eurons (神经元) deep in the brain known as the amygdale (扁桃体).LeDoux studies the way animals and humans respond to threats to understand how we form memories of significant events in our lives. The amygdala receives input from many parts of the brain, including regions responsible for retrieving memori
4、es. Using this information, the amygdala appraises a situation I think this charging dog wants to bite me and triggers a response by radiating nerve signals throughout the body. These signals produce the familiar signs of distress: trembling, perspiration and fast-moving feet, just to name three.Thi
5、s fear mechanism is critical to the survival of all animals, but no one can say for sure whether beasts other than humans know theyre afraid. That is, as LeDoux says, If you put that system into a brain that has consciousness, then you get the feeling of fear.Humans, says Edward M. Hallowell, have t
6、he ability to call up images of bad things that happened in the past and to anticipate future events. Combine these higher thought processes with our hardwired danger-detection systems, and you get a near-universal human phenomenon: worryThats not necessarily a bad thing, says Hallowell. When used p
7、roperly, worry is an incredible device, he says. After all, a little healthy worrying is okay if it leads to constructive action like having a doctor look at that weird spot on your back.Hallowell insists, though, that theres a right way to worry. Never do it alone, get the facts and then make a pla
8、n, he says. Most of us have survived a recession, so were familiar with the belt-tightening strategies needed to survive a slump.Unfortunately, few of us have much experience dealing with the threat of terrorism, so its been difficult to get facts about how we should respond. Thats why Hallowell bel
9、ieves it was okay for people to indulge some extreme worries last fall by asking doctors for Cipro (抗炭疽菌的药物) and buying gas masks.1.The “so-called fight-or-flight response”（Sent. 1, Para. 1）refers to “ ”.A) the biological process in which human beings sense of self-defense evolves B) the instinctive
10、 fear human beings feel when faced with potential danger C) the act of evaluating a dangerous situation and making a quick decision D) the elaborate mechanism in the human brain for retrieving information 2.Form the studies conducted by LeDoux we learn that .A) reactions of humans and animals to dan
11、gerous situations are often unpredictable B) memories of significant events enable people to control fear and distress C) peoples unpleasant memories are derived from their feelings of fear D) the amygdala plays a vital part in human and animal responses to potential danger 3.From the passage we kno
12、w that .A) a little worry will do us good if handled properly B) a little worry will enable us to survive a recession C) fear strengthens the human desire to survive danger D) fear helps people to anticipate certain future events 4.Which of the following is the best way to deal with your worries acc
13、ording to Hallowell?A) Ask for help from the people around you .B) Use the belt-tightening strategies for survival.C) Seek professional advice and take action.D) Understand the situation and be fully prepared.5.In Hallowells view, peoples reaction to the terrorist threat last fall was .A) ridiculous
14、 B) understandable C) over-cautious D) sensible Passage TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.You hear the refrain all the time: the U.S. economy looks good statistically, but it doesnt feel good. Why doesnt ever-greater wealth promote ever-greater happiness? It is a question that
15、dates at least to the appearance in 1958 of The Affluent （富裕的） Society by John Kenneth Galbraith, who died recently at 97.The Affluent Society is a modern classic because it helped define a new moment in the human condition. For most of history, hunger, sickness, and cold threatened nearly everyone,
16、 Galbraith wrote. Poverty was found everywhere in that world. Obviously it is not of ours. After World War II, the dread of another Great Depression gave way to an economic boom. In the 1930s unemployment had averaged 18.2 percent; in the 1950s it was 4.5 percent.To Galbraith, materialism had gone mad and would breed discont
