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1、考点31阅读理解之应用文一、文章类型阅读理解之应用文包含广告、招聘、咨询和建议、通知等类型的文章。二、满分技巧解答广告图表类题，要仔细阅读表格中的内容，表格类阅读材料一般都直观地表达出所要传递的信息、。考生只要能看懂各个项目的意义，即可找出所设问题的答案。这类材料一般不涉及难度太大的题目。纵观历年各省市的中考题可以看出广告图表类的文章在阅读理解中占有相当大的比重，一般四篇阅读理解中至少有一篇是广告图表类。广告图表类的文章属于应用文的行列。考生在阅读这类材料时，主要从两方面入手：一是了解图表的主题，确定图表的主要内容，二是推敲图画上的文字或数字，找出它们之间的关联或试图表达的含义。A跟踪训练AT
2、heBBChaslistedthetop10foodtrendsfor2020.Takealookatsomeofthem.Blendedburgersw.Ablendedburgerisstillaburger,andifsmadeofmeat.Butthepatty（肉饼）mixesbeefwithkindsofplants,suchascarrots,mushroomsorcabbage.Theseburgersarelowerinfatbuthigherinfiberthantraditionalburgers.Theycansatisfypeoplesneedforhealthier
3、andmoreenvironmentally-friendlyfoodchoices.NootropicfoodsFoodsthatarehealthyfbryourbrainarebecomingincreasinglypopular.Nootropicfoodsaredrugsorsupplementsthatcanmakeourbrainshealthier.Manyofthesefoodsareonesthatyoumightalreadyeat,suchasnuts,eggs,fishanddarkchocolate.UglyproduceInsupermarkets,weliket
4、opickgood-lookingfruitsorvegetables.Butinfact,uglyproduceisjustasnutritious（有,营养的）anddeliciousasgood-lookingproduce.Peoplecaremoreabouttheproblemoffoodwaste.Morepeoplearewillingtobuyimperfectfruitsandvegetables,whichmayhavegonetowasteinthepast.1. Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatwillbemorepopularin2020.A
5、.beefburgersB.chocolateC.perfectvegetablesD.brain-healthyfoods2. Thepurposeofthispassageisto.A. introducefoodtrendsfor2020B. encouragepeopletotryhealthyfoodC. tellpeoplewhythesefoodsarehealthyD. changepeopleseatinghabits3. Thepassageismostprobablyfromthecolumn（栏目）of.A.CultureB.NewsC.FoodD.Health【答案】
6、l.D2.A3.C【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文章主要向读者介绍了英国广播公司列出了2020年十大食品趋势，并对其中的几种进行了说明。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文中“Foodsthatarehealthyforyourbrainarebecomingincreasinglypopular.Nootropicfoodsaredrugsorsupplementsthatcanmakeourbrainshealthier.n对大脑有益的食物正变得越来越受欢迎。益智食品是可以使我们的大脑更健康的药物或补充剂。故答案为D。【2题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段，TheBBChaslistedtheto
7、p10foodtrendsfor2020.Takealookatsomeofthem.w英国广播公司列出了2020年十大食品趋势。让我们来看看其中的一些。可知，作者写作本文的目的是为了向读者介绍2020年的十大食品趋势，故答案为A。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段，“TheBBChaslistedthetop10foodtrendsfor2020.Takealookatsomeofthem.英国广播公司列出了2020年十大食品趋势。让我们来看看其中的一些。可知，作者写作本文的目的是为了向读者介绍2020年的十大食品趋势。该类文章应出现在食品专栏，故答案为C。(1)Holdfasttodr
8、eams.Forifdreamsdie,LifeisabrokenwingedbirdThatcannotfly.Holdfasttodreams.Forwhendreamsgo,LifeisabarrenfieldFrozenwithsnow.(2)Forgetaboutthedayswhenit*sbeencloudy.Butdontforgetyourhoursinthesun.Forgetaboutthetimesyouhavebeendefeated.Butdontforgetthevictoriesyouhavewon.Forgetaboutthemisfortunesyouhav
9、eencountered.Butdontforgetthetimesyourluckhasturned.Forgetaboutthedayswhenyouhavebeenlonely.Butdontforgetthefriendlysmilesyouhaveseen.Forgetabouttheplansthatdidntseemtoworkoutright.Butdontforgettoalwayshaveadream.4. Thereisacommonsubjectinthesetwopoems,thatis.A.dreamsB.daysC.thetimesD.thesun5. Howma
10、nypairsofrhymes(韵脚)arethereinthefirstpoem?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.6. Afterreadingthesecondpoem,doyouknowwhatisthepurposeofthepoettowriteit?A.Totellreaderstoforgetthepasttheyusedtoexperience.B. Toaskreadersnottoforgetthefailuretheyexperienced.C. Toaskreaderstocheerforthepasttheyusedtoexperience.D.
11、 Totellreaderstocheerupfromthefailuretheyexperienced.【答案】4.A5,C6.D【解析】【分析】这是两首诗歌，第一首诗表明了梦想的重要性；第二首诗歌让我们对生活有一个积极的态度。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一首诗歌中“Holdfasttodreams.”以及第二首诗歌Forgetabouttheplansthatdidntseemtoworkoutright.Butdontforgettoalwayshaveadream”可知，两首诗歌都提到了梦想。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。朗读第一首诗可知，在这首诗歌中，die和fly,bird和f
12、ield以及go和snow是三对押韵的韵脚。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第二首诗歌的内容可知，这首诗中运用了五个排比句，且每个排比句都是转折关系，意在说明让我们忘记生活中悲伤、不快、失败的事情，而选择振作、积极、乐观。D选项“告诉读者从经历的失败中振作起来”符合这首诗的含义。故选D。CThereareplentyofclassics,butmanykidsfindreadingaboringandhardtask.Yes,classicbooksdolookfrightening,buttheresalotoffununderthecovers.Herearethreeinterest
13、ingclassicbooksforteenstoenjoy.TheTimeMachine时间机器Thetimeofpublication:In1895Writer:H.G.WellsThisnoveltellsthestoryofaman,knownasTimeTraveler,whoinventsatimemachinethatenableshimtotravelthroughtimeandvisitthefuture.Thenovelisconsideredoneoftheearliestworksofsciencefictionandtheancestorofthethemeoftim
14、etravel.TheHobbit霍比特人Thetimeofpublication:In1937RIWriter:J.R.R.TolkienBilboBaggins,aheroofthestory,isahobbitwholivesaquietlife,untilitisupsetbyavisitfromawizardnamedGandalf.ThewizardwantsBilbotohelpfindoutwherethegoldis.Althoughitsabookfullofadventure,italsohasanimportanttheme-perseverance（坚持不懈）.ToK
15、illAMockingbird杀死一只知更鸟Thetimeofpublication:In1960Writer:HarperLeeSetduringthemid-1950sinasmalltown,thisnoveldescribesthelifeoftheFinchfamily:AtticusandhissonJemanddaughterScout.ThestoryistoldbyScoutwhoopensthenovelasagrownwomanreflectingbackonkeyeventsinherchildhood.Thebookhaswonthe1961PulitzerPrizeandbecomeaclassicofmodemAmericanliterature.7. Whatismentionedaboutclassics?A.Theyareeducational.B.Theyareboringandhardtoget.C.Mostkidslovereadingthem.D.Theressomethinginterestinginthesebooks.8. WhenwasTheTimeMachinepublished?A.Inthe1890sB.Int
