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1、哈尔滨工业大学华德应用技术学院毕业设计附录1 沙滩车的英文名称为ATVAll Terrain Vehicle，中文意思就是“适合所有地形之交通工具”。中国官方机构叫四轮全地形车，已制定其生产标准QC/T760-2006四轮全地形车通用技术条件。 全地形车的英文是All Terrain Vehicle（适合所有地形的交通工具），缩写是ATV，俗称为“沙滩车”，又称“全地形四轮越野机车”，车辆简单实用，野性能好，外观一般无篷。总之很难用简单的中文名称来表达它的意义。AT具有宽大的轮胎能增加与地面的接触面积，产生更大的摩擦力而且能降低车辆对地面的压强，使其容易行驶于沙滩、河床、林道、溪流，以及恶劣的
2、沙漠地形。可载送人员或运输物品。 All Terrain Vehicle（适合所有地形的交通工具）很难用简单的中文名称来表达它的意义。根据它的外观，勉强可以译成“全地形四轮越野机车”，但仍觉得很拗口。通常大家称它为“沙滩车”，因为在软质的沙地上，ATV宽大的轮胎能增加与地面的接触面积，从而产生更大的摩擦力，再配合独特的胎纹使轮胎不易空转打滑，使其容易行驶于沙地，但其实品质良好、性能优良的ATV不仅能行驶在沙滩上，河床、林道、溪流，更恶劣的沙漠地形甚至都能被它轻易征服。载送人员或运输物品使ATV的功能发挥得淋漓尽致，堪称全能的行动工具。 所以，请不要再叫它“沙滩车”了，它是很优秀的交通工具，也是
3、人类伟大的发明之一。只是受限于本地环境，不然它会是人们的最佳伴侣之一。 现代全地形车（ATV）的前身源自于三轮且使用低压气胎的机车，开始时它只是为越野赛设计的车，后来逐渐成为比赛赛车、实用运输车、家庭休闲用车等等。随着在美国等市场的流行，机车由三轮改变至四轮。随着四轮车辆成为全地形车的主要形式，四轮驱动式ATV车也发展起来。 目前，具有良好的道路通过性，而且具备一定的载货能力的ATV车在美洲、澳洲很受欢迎。 根据中国汽车工业协会2005年的调查，我国在册的ATV总装厂已达122家，每年出口量很大。它们散布在全国的六大省市：上海、浙江、江苏、广东、重庆、山东。 现代ATV的前身三轮且使用低压气胎
4、的机车，于1960年后开始在美国市场销售。开始时它只是为越野赛设计的车，后来逐渐成为比赛赛车、实用运输车、家庭休闲用车等等。 从1980年代开始，各个厂商开始参与并且针对各种用途投入了对ATV原型的制作，并在1985-1987年造成了它在美国市场的大流行，同时机车也由三轮改变至四轮。而随着四轮车辆的增加，以前从未出现的四轮驱动式车也发展起来。因为实用性的需求，四轮驱动ATV市场大幅扩张，现在ATV风潮由北美、欧洲、大洋洲一直蔓延至全球。虽然目前在内地这种车依然没有进入大众的眼里，但相信在不久的将来你就会感受到它带来的乐趣。 川崎（Kawasaki）是摩托车界的传奇公司，它的忍者（NINJA）系
5、列摩托车一直在SBK和摩托车耐力赛上有非常良好的表现，出品的ATV产品在北美和澳洲市场也受到广大牧民的喜爱，它不仅仅具有良好的道路通过性，而且具备一定的载货能力。 据国家汽车工业协会2005年的一项调查，我国在册的ATV总装厂已达122家，它们散布在全国的六大省市：上海、浙江、江苏、广东、重庆、山东。厂商的数量已远远超过了美国、日本的生产厂家的总和，数量之多，是其他国家难以相比的。除了建设（其有ATV军品任务，有国防科工委的资金支持）在做开发以外（包括发动机的开发），其余均是“拿来主义”。 附录2The beach car with an English name for ATV All Te
6、rrain Vehicle, Chinese means for All Terrain transportation. Chinas official organization called four-wheel all-terrain vehicles, have set out the standard production QC/T760-2006 four-wheel all-terrain vehicle general technical conditions.All-terrain Vehicle English is All Terrain Vehicle (suit All
7、 Terrain vehicles), the abbreviation is ATV, better known as beach car, say again all-terrain four-wheel cross-country motorcycle, Vehicle is simple, practical, and haggard appearance, can good general no canopy. Anyhow is difficult to use simple Chinese name to express the meaning of it. AT has wid
8、e tyre can increase the contact area with the ground, produce greater friction and can reduce vehicle on the ground pressure, which makes it easy to drive in sand, river, forest-road, streams, and harsh desert terrain. Can carry personnel or transportation.All Terrain Vehicle (suit All Terrain vehic
9、les) is difficult to use simple Chinese name to express the meaning of it. According to its appearance, force can translate into all-terrain four-wheel cross-country motorcycle, but still feel very clumsy. Usually people call it beach car, because in soft qualitative sand, ATV wide tyre can increase
10、 the contact area with the ground so as to produce greater friction, combined with unique tire tread pattern not easily idling sliding, which makes it easy to drive albright land, but actually have excellent quality and excellent performance of ATV can not only driving on the beach, river plate, for
11、est-road, streams, more bad of desert terrain or can be easily to conquer it. Take personnel or transportation make ATV function to get incisively and vividly, be rated as the almighty action tools. So, please dont call it beach car, it is very good traffic tools, but also human great inventions. On
12、ly limited by the local environment, otherwise it would be the best partner of people.Modern all-terrain vehicle (ATV) predecessor originated from three rounds, and use of the low pressure gas tire of locomotive, when it started just for cross-country design of car, then gradually become match racin
13、g, practical vechile, family leisure transport etc. As in markets such as the us pop, locomotive by tricycle change to round. With four-wheel vehicles become the main form of all-terrain vehicles, four-wheel drive type ATV car also developed.At present, has the good road through sexual, but also hav
14、e certain carrying capacity of ATV car in the americas, Australia, are very popular.According to Chinas auto industry association, China 2005 survey 69.6% ATV general assembly branch has 122 family, every year exports greatly. They spread in the six provinces and cities nationwide: Shanghai, zhejian
15、g, jiangsu, guangdong, chongqing, shandong province.Modern ATVs predecessor, the three rounds, and use of the low pressure gas tire of locomotive, in 1960 years later start in the American market sales. When it started just for cross-country design of car, then gradually become match racing, practic
16、al vechile, family leisure transport etc. From began in the 1980s, the various manufacturers began to participate in and put on for all purposes, the production and the ATV prototype in 1985 and 1987 caused it in the American market for big popular, and also by tricycle change to locomotive four-wheel. With four-wheel vehicles increased, never appear all-wheel drive type car also develo
