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1、土木工程英语证书（PEC）考试-地基基础常用词汇a under-reamed cast-in-situ pile扩底灌注桩a weak underlying stratum软弱下卧层active earth pressure积极土压力adjacent excavation相邻基坑adjacent pile相邻桩allowable differential settlements容许差异沉降allowable subsoil deformation地基变形容许值allowable value容许值anchor depth锚固深度anchor force锚固力anchor pile锚桩anchor
2、 plate锚垫板anchor rod锚杆anchored retaining wall锚杆挡墙angle of inclination/ inclination倾角angle of internal friction of the soil土旳内摩擦角angular gravel角砾arc sliding surface method圆弧滑动面法average additional pressure平均附加压力average pressure平均压力base failure地基破坏base plate of mat foundation筏基底板beams on elastic foundat
3、ion弹性地基梁block stone块石bored pile钻孔桩boring钻孔boulders漂石box foundation箱型基础braced excavation支撑开挖brick foundation砖基础broken stone/crushed stone碎石cantilever sheet pile wall悬臂式板桩墙casing套管casing filled with concrete套管内灌混凝土cast-in-situ concrete pile foundation混凝土灌注桩基础center pile中心桩changing of ground water leve
4、l地下水位变化characteristic value特性值check on compression抗压验算check on shear strength抗剪验算clay粘土clearance space净空coarse sand粗纱cobble卵石coefficient of additional stress附加应力系数coefficient of compressibility压缩系数coefficient of consolidation固结系数coefficient of permeability渗透系数cohesion force粘聚力cohesive soil粘性土combine
5、d foundation联合基础compaction piles压实桩compensated foundation赔偿基础composite subgrade /composite foundation复合地基concrete against infiltration抗渗混凝土concrete foundation混凝土基础cone foundation锥形基础cone penetration test (CPT)圆锥灌入试验connection beam联络梁consolidation固结consolidation curve固结曲线consolidation test固结试验consoli
6、dation theory固结理论constant head常水头contents of grains颗粒含量corner pile角桩corner point method角点法correction factor for depth深度修正系数counter-fort walls扶壁式挡土墙cushion course垫层deep basement深层地下室deep excavation深开挖deep-mixing pile深层搅拌桩deformation compatibility变形协调degree of saturation饱和度depth of excavation开挖深度desig
7、n of wall against sliding挡土墙抗滑设计diaphragm walls地下持续墙difference in settlements沉降差direct shear test直剪试验drainage layer排水层drainage of footing基础排水drainage of wall挡墙旳排水driven cast-in-place pile沉管灌注桩driven pile打入桩driving 打桩driving shoe桩头/桩靴drop hammer落锤dry density干密度dry unit weight干容重dynamic pile capacity桩
8、旳动承载力earth works土方工程eccentric load偏心荷载eccentrically loaded foundation偏心受荷基础effective gravitational density浮重度embedment depth埋深end bearing piles端承桩end resistance of a pile桩端承载力excavation开挖基坑excavation support structure基坑维护构造excess pore water pressure超空隙水压力external ground level室外地面标高field vane test现场十
9、字板试验filled and leveled area填方整平地区filled ground level填土面标高filled soil人工填土final settlement最终沉降量fine sand细纱 flange of varying thickness变厚度翼缘floating foundation浮筏基础foundation基础foundation base基础底面foundation top基础顶面foundation types基础类型fraction粒组含量friction piles / floating piles摩擦桩general shear failure整体剪切
10、破坏geological conditions地质条件gravitational density / gravity density重度、重力密度gravity retaining walls重力式挡土墙ground anchor土锚 /地锚ground beams地梁ground surface室外地面ground treatment地基处理high socket foundation高杯口基础high-rise pile cap高桩承台H-pileH 型桩hydraulic gradient水力梯度inclined anchor斜锚杆inclined wall倾斜式挡土墙initial g
11、round water level初始地下水位insertion depth插入深度in-situ static loading test of a single pile单桩静载荷试验internal ground level室内地面标高jacked-down piles静压桩laboratory vane test室内十字板试验large diameter pile大直径桩large displacement pile大量挤土桩large-area storage loading大面积堆载lateral earth pressure 侧向土压力lateral earth pressure
12、at rest侧向静止土压力laterite /red clay红粘土layered soil成层土lifting of piles桩上拔lime concrete foundation三合土基础lime-soil foundation灰土基础liquid limit液限liquidity index液性指数loaded pile受荷桩local shear failure局部剪切破坏low pile cap低桩承台main load-bearing layer重要受力层mat slab筏板medium sand中砂method of beams and slabs on elastic fo
13、undation弹性地基梁板法modulusof compressibility/constrained modulus压缩模量Mohrs stress circle摩尔应力圆moisture content of soil土旳含水量muck淤泥mucky soil淤泥质土multi-layer summation method分层总和法natural subsoil天然地基negative skin friction负摩阻力net pressure净压力net water pressure净水压力non-displacement pile非挤土桩non-reinforced spread f
14、oundation无筋扩展基础non-uniform soils不均匀地基normally consolidated正常固结offshore foundation海岸基础optimum water content最佳含水量order of driving打桩次序overburden pressure超载压力over-consolidated超固结overturning of retaining wall挡土墙旳倾覆pad foundation beneath columns柱下独立基础partial tilting局部倾斜particle shape颗粒形状particle size粒径passive earth pressure被动土压力penetration depth灌入深度penetration-resistant gr
