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1、简单句的五种基本句型解说及习题一、句子成份英语句子成分有主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补足语，表语，定语，状语等。次序一般是主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补足语，而表语，定语，状语的地点要依据状况而定。1、主语：表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般位于句首。但在therebe结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或神态动词后边。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。比如：WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass（.代词）One-thirdofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls（.数词）Toswimintherive
2、risagreatpleasure（.不定式）Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.（动名词）Therichshouldhelpthepoor.（名词化的形容词）WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided（.主语从句）Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage（.it作形式主语，真实的主语为后边的不定式）2、谓语：谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特色。能够有不一样的时态，语态和语气。1)简单谓语：Westudyforthepeople.2)复合谓语：IcanspeakalittleEnglish
3、.Wearereadingbooks.Hehasgoneto.3、表语:它位于系动词(比方be)以后，说明主语身份，特色，属性或状态。1/10Mysisterisanurse.Isityours?（代词）Theweatherhasturnedcold.（形容词）Thespeechisexciting（.分词）Threetimessevenistwentyone?（数词）HisjobistoteachEnglish（.不定式）Hishobby（喜好）isplayingfootball.（动名词）Therulermustbeinyourbox.（介词短语）Timeisup.Theclassisov
4、er（.副词）Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.（表语从句）4、宾语:宾语表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词以后，WelikeEnglish.Howmanydictionariesdoyouhave?Ihavefive（.数词）Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.（名词化形容词）Itbegantorain.（不定式短语）Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.（动名词短语）Ithink（that）heisfitforhisoffice.（宾语从句）有些及物动词能够带两个宾语，常常一个指人，
5、一个指物，指人的叫间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语。Hegavemesomeink.有些及物动词的宾语后边还需要有一个补足语，意思才完好，宾语和它的补足语组成复合宾语。如：2/10Wemakehimourmonitor(班长).5、宾补:就是宾语补足语，就是增补说明宾语的IseeyoucrossingthestreetHisfathernamedhimDavid.（名词）Theypainted（涂漆）theirboatwhite.（形容词）Letthefresh（新鲜的）airin.（副词）Youmustntforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou（不.定式短语）Wesawherent
6、eringtheroom.（此刻分词）Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.（介词短语）6、定语:在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。Heisanewstudent.但副词，动词不定式，介词短语等作定语时，则放在被修饰的词以后。Thebikeintheroom/overthere/ismine.isabeautifulcity.（形容词）Chinaisadeveloping（发展中）country;Americaisadeveloped（发达）country.（分词）Therearethirtywomenteachersisourschool.（名词）Hisp
7、rogress（进步）inEnglishmadeussurprised（.代词）Ourmonitor（班长）isalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.（不定式短语）Heisreadinganarticle(文章)abouthowtolearnEnglish.（介词短语）7、状语:修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句的句子成分，叫做状语。状语一般放在被修饰的词以后或放在句尾。副词作状语时可放在被修饰的词前或句首。Helivesin.3/10Lighttravelsmostquickly.（副词及副词性词组）Hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.（介
8、词短语）Heissorrytotrouble(麻烦)you.（不定式短语）Heisintheroommakingamodelplane.（分词短语）Once（一旦0youbegin,youmustcontinue.（状语从句）状语种类以下：Howaboutmeetingagainatsix?（时间状语）Lastnightshedidntgotothedancepartybecauseof（the原由rain状.语）Ishallgothereifitdoesn（条t件rain状.语）MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.（地址状语）Sheputtheeggsintothebas
9、ketwithgreatcare.（方式状语）Shecameinwithadictionaryinherhand（.陪伴状语）Inordertocatchupwiththeothers,Imustworkharder.（目的状语）Hewassotiredthathefellasleepimmediately.（结果状语）Sheworksveryhardthoughsheisold（.退步状语）Iamtallerthanheis.（比较状语）一、指出以下句子划线部分是什么句子成分：1. Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.2. Hehandedmethenewspaper.
10、3. Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.4. Hisjobistotrainswimmers.4/105. Hetookmanyphotosofthepalacesin.7. Hewantstofinishtheworkintime.8. Tomcametoaskmeforadvice（建议）.9. HefounditimportanttomasterEnglish.10. Doyouhaveanythingelsetosay?11. Wouldyoupleasetellmeyouraddress?12. Hesatthere,readinganewspap
11、er.13. Itisourdutytokeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.14.Henoticed（注意到）amanentertheroom.15.Theapplestastedsweet.简单句的五种基本句型英语句子看上去纷纷错乱，但认真察看不外乎五个基本句式。这五个基本句式能够演变出多种复杂的英语句子。换言之，绝大部分英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。这五个基本句式以下：S十V主谓构造主语不及物动词S十V十P主系表构造主语连系动词表语S十V十O主谓宾构造主语及物动词宾语S十V十O1十O2主谓双宾构造S十V十O主谓宾补构造判断种类和句子成分：ShecameSheli
12、kesEnglish.Sheishappy5/10Theteacheraskedmetoreadthepassage.Sheboughtabookforme.ShegaveJohnabookMyheadaches.ShemakeshermotherangryThesunwasshining.Themoonrose.Theytalkedforhalfanhour.他们谈了半个小时。Thedinnersmellsgood.午饭的气味很好。Everythinglooksdifferent.全部看来都不一样了。Heisgrowingtallandstrong.他长得又高又壮。Hisfaceturned
13、red.他的脸红了。Whoknowstheanswer?谁知道答案？Heenjoysreading.他喜爱看书。Iwanttohaveacupoftea.我想喝杯茶。Heboughtyouadictionary.Sheorderedherselfanewdress.她给自己定了一套新衣裳。Shecookedherhusbandadeliciousmeal.她给丈夫煮了一餐美馔。Ishowedhimmypictures.Igavemycarawash.我洗了我的汽车。Heshowedmehowtorunthemachine.他教我开机器。Whatmakeshimthinkso?他怎么会这样想？Thechildrenareplayinghappily.TheGreensenjoylivingin.Hebecameafamousdoctor.他成为了一名有名的医生。Theapplepietastesreallydelicious.苹果派吃起来真是好吃。基本句型一：S十V主谓构造6/10A.表示状态的连系动词。这些词有：be,look,seem,appear,smell,taste,sound,keep,r
