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1、水果英文介绍大全水果英文介绍大全.txt有没有人像我一样在听到某些歌的时候会忽然想到自己的往事_如果我能回到从前，我会选择不认识你。不是我后悔，是我不能面对没有你的结局。苹果：The apple is a tree and its pomaceous fruit, of the species Malus domestica in the rose family Rosaceae. It is one of the most widely cultivated tree fruits. It is a small deciduous tree reaching 5-12 m tall, wit
2、h a broad, often densely twiggy crown. The leaves are alternately arranged, simple oval with an acute tip and serrated margin, slightly downy below, 5-12 cm long and 3-6 cm broad on a 2-5 cm petiole. The flowers are produced in spring with the leaves, white, usually tinged pink at first, 2.5-3.5 cm
3、diameter, with five petals. The fruit matures in Autumn, and is typically 5-8 cm diameter (rarely up to 15 cm)._TOC_ Apple tree in flowerBotanical origins Wild Malus sieversii apple in KazakhstanThe wild ancestor of Malus domestica is Malus sieversii. It has no common name in English, but is known w
4、here it is native as alma; in fact, one major city in the region where it is thought to originate is called Alma-Ata, or father of the apples. This tree is still found wild in the mountains of Central Asia in southern Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Xinjiang, China.For many years, there was
5、a debate about whether M. domestica evolved from chance hybridization among various wild species. Recent DNA analysis by Barrie Juniper, Emeritus Fellow in the Department of Plant Sciences at Oxford University and others, has indicated, however, that the hybridisation theory is probably false. Inste
6、ad, it appears that a single species still growing in the Ili Valley on the northern slopes of the Tien Shan mountains at the border of northwest China and the former Soviet Republic of Kazakhstan is the progenitor of the apples we eat today. Leaves taken from trees in this area were analyzed for DN
7、A composition, which showed them all to belong to the species M. sieversii, with some genetic sequences common to M. domestica.Some individual M. sieversii, recently planted by the US government at a research facility, resist many diseases and pests that affect domestic apples, and are the subject o
8、f continuing research to develop new disease-resistant apples.Other species that were previously thought to have made contributions to the genome of the domestic apples are Malus baccata and Malus sylvestris, but there is no hard evidence for this in older apple cultivars. These and other Malus spec
9、ies have been used in some recent breeding programmes to develop apples suitable for growing in climates unsuitable for M. domestica, mainly for increased cold tolerance. Apple cut horizontally, showing seedsThe apple tree was probably the earliest tree to be cultivated, and apples have remained an
10、important food in all cooler climates. To a greater degree than other tree fruit, except possibly citrus, apples store for months while still retaining much of their nutritive value. Winter apples, picked in late autumn and stored just above freezing, have been an important food in Asia and Europe f
11、or millennia, as well as in Argentina and in the United States since the arrival of Europeans.The word apple comes from the Old English word aeppel, which in turn has recognisable cognates in a number of the northern branches of the Indo-European language family. The prevailing theory is that apple
12、may be one of the most ancient Indo-European words (*abl-) to come down to English in a recognisable form. The scientific name malus, on the other hand, comes from the Latin word for apple, and ultimately from the archaic Greek mlon (mlon in later dialects). The legendary placename Avalon is thought
13、 to come from a Celtic evolution of the same root as the English apple; the name of the town of Avellino, near Naples in Italy is likewise thought to come from the same root via the Italic languages.橘子:Orangespecifically, sweet orangerefers to the citrus tree Citrus sinensis and its fruit. The orang
14、e is a hybrid of ancient cultivated origin, possibly between pomelo (Citrus maxima) and tangerine (Citrus reticulata). It is a small tree, growing to about 10 m tall, with thorny shoots and evergreen leaves 4-10 cm long. Oranges originated in southeast Asia, in either India or modern day Pakistan, V
15、ietnam or southern China. The fruit of Citrus sinensis is called sweet orange to distinguish it from Citrus aurantium, the bitter orange.Oranges are widely grown in warm climates worldwide, and the flavors of orange vary from sweet to sour. The fruit is commonly peeled and eaten fresh, or squeezed f
16、or its juice. It has a thick bitter rind that is usually discarded, but can be processed into animal feed by removing water using pressure and heat. It is also used in certain recipes as flavoring or a garnish. The outer-most layer of the rind is grated or thinly veneered with a tool called a zester, to produce orange zest, popular in cooking because it has a flavor similar to the fleshy inner part of the orange. The white p
