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1、高考阅读理解专题： 推理判断题的解题技巧 推断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时，考生要严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词句，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。 近年的高考题中常出现以下五种推理判断题: 一. 推断隐含意义或深层意义1. 这类题干中通常含有learn( ), infer( ), suggest( ), imply( ), conclude（ ）, indicate( )等标志性词语, 常见的提问方式有： 1)We can know from the passage tha
2、t _2). We can infer from the (first/last) passage that _3)The passage/author implies/suggests that _4)It can be concluded from the passage that _5)The underlined sentence indicates that _ 2. 解题技巧 针对细节推断: 在原文中找到相关的信息源- 对具体内容分析- 推理判断得出结论实例1： Did you ever hear a strange sound coming from the wall? Did
3、it sound like a clock? If so, it may have been made by a beetle. Long ago people thought the ticking meant that someone was about to die. Thus the beetle is called “the deathwatch beetle. 1. It can be inferred from the text that the sound of this beetle _.A. pleased people. B. surprised people. C. f
4、rightened people. D. excited people. 针对主题思想: 以主题为核心- 分析逻辑关系- 得出结论实例2：In the California study, children with TVs in their rooms but no computer at home scored the lowest while those with no bedroom TV but who had home computers scored the highest. While this study does not prove that bedroom TV sets
5、caused the lower scores, it adds to accumulating findings that children shouldnt have TVs in their bedrooms. 1. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?A. More time should be spent on computers.B. Children should be forbidden to watch TV.C. TV sets shouldnt be allowed in childrens bedrooms.D.
6、 Further studies on high-achieving students should be done.二、推断作者观点或态度 1. 题干中通常含有attitude, view ,opinion, in the authors opinion/mind等标志性词语。提问方式: 1)The author seems to be in favor of/against _2)The author may probably agree with/support _3)Whats the authors opinion about.?4)In the authors opinion.?2
7、. 解题技巧 注意作者表达感情色彩的形容词、副词、动词及所举的例子，推断出作者的弦外之音。如overestimate (高估), luckily, unexpectedly, pity, certain等。表达作者态度和观点的形容词常有：objective（ ），subjective（ )，neutral（ ）；positive （ ） negative（ ）approval （ ），disapproval（ ），ironic（ ）indifferent（ ），critical（ ），cautious（ ） optimistic（ ），pessimistic（ ）等。 3. 实例3：Why i
8、snt your newspaper reporting any good news？All I read about is murder, bribery(行贿)，and death. Frankly，Im sick of all the bad news. 1. This authors attitude towards the newspaper reporting is to _. A. complain B. apologize C. amuse D. inform三. 推断文段作用或作者写作意图 1. 提问方式: 1)The authors main purpose in writ
9、ing the passage is to _2)The passage is meant to _3)The authors purpose is to show _4)The purpose of the article is to _2. 解题技巧 不同的文段在全文中可能会起到：引言/介绍（introduction），举例(example)，对比(comparison)，反衬（contrast）, 结论（conclusion）,评论（comment）,背景（background）,论证（demonstration）等作用。作者的写作目的通常有娱乐读者、说服读者接受某种观点和告知读者某些信
10、息三种。解答此类题时主要有两种方法：1主旨推断法：写作目的是阐述作者为何要表达某个中心主题，因此可根据主旨推断作者的写作目的。2文体推断法：根据文体的特点和用途来推断作者的写作目的。如记叙文，特别是个人的有趣经历或幽默故事类的文章，其目的是娱乐读者；夹叙夹议的文章，其目的是让读者得到某种启示或教育；广告和议论文的目的是说服读者接受某种产品、服务或接受某种观点；科普说明文或新闻报告，其目的是告知读者某些信息。3. 实例4 ： “Have you ever been out on a boat and felt it lifted up by a wave? Or have you jumped
11、in the water and felt the rush of energy as waves came over you?” asked Jamie Taylor of the Wave Energy Group at the University of Edinburgh. “There is certainly a lot of energy in waves,” he said. 1. The writer uses the two questions at the beginning of the passage to _. A. test the readers knowled
12、ge about waves B. draw the readers attention to the topic C. show Jamie Taylors importance D. invite the readers to answer them四推断文章出处和来源 1. 提问方式 1)The text is most likely to be taken from _2)Where does the text probably come from?3)Where can we most probably read this text?2). 解题技巧 这类问题应从文章的内容或结构来判
13、断其出处：报纸：前面会出现日期、地点或通讯社名称。广告：因其格式特殊，容易辨认。产品说明：器皿、设备的使用说明会有产品名称或操作方式，而药品的服用说明会告知服用时间、次数、药量等。网站：文中会出现click（点击），online（在线）, web（网络）, website（网址）等字眼。 3. 实例5：Dont wander aimlessly through life. Get focused on your goals, start helping others in need, and live life to the fullest! Life is too short to be a
14、nything but happy. Visit my blog and find what youve been missing. Sigh up for my newsletter and get seven free e-books, too! Read hundreds of articles while youre there in the article section, which is updated daily.1. This text must be taken from _A. a radio program B. a website C. a newspaper D. a TV program五.推断目标读者推断目标读者，即要求考生根据短文内容和文中的措辞推断此篇文章主要是写给谁看的。1. 提问方式 1)The passage is probably written for _2)Who is the passage written for?3)The text is written mainly for _2. 解题技巧 解答此类题要根据文章内容，特别是从作者使用的词语和口气来判断。3. 实例6：
