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1、虚拟语气的用法及专项练习题虚拟语气表示一种假设的情况，或一种主观的愿望，即动词所表示的动作或状态并非事实，或不可能实现。一一般情况下，英语虚拟语气的形式有下列3种： 语境条件从句主句 例子1.与现在事实相反一般过去式：were/didwould/should/could/might + do(动词原形)If John had the time, he would make a trip to China to see the Great Wall.If I were you, I would give up drinking immediately.2.与将来事实相反(1). should+动
2、词原形(2).一般过去式：were/did(3)、were to+动词原形would/should/could/might + do（动词原形）If you should lose, what would you do?If I were to see her tomorrow, I would tell her the truth.If you went there next time, you would see what I mean.3.与过去事实相反过去完成时：had+过去分词would/should/could/might+ have doneIf I had arrived ea
3、rlier, I would have seen David二.、虚拟语气的几种特殊用法l 1.虚拟语气的倒装： 将if去掉，谓语动词提前。如：If I were you, I would give up drinking. =Were I you, I would give up drinking.If I had arrived earlier, I would have seen David. = Had I arrived earlier, I would have seen David.l 2. 有时条件从句中的动作和主句中的动作发生的时间不一致，如：If he had follow
4、ed the doctors advice, he would be quite all right now.（if从句是对过去的虚拟，主句是对现在的虚拟。）If I were you, I would have gone home.（if从句是对现在的虚拟，主句是对过去的虚拟。）三虚拟语气的其他用法1、Suggest, advise 等表示“要求”“建议”的动词之后宾语从句须用虚拟语气，其句子结构如下：suggest, advise, recommend, demand, require, insist, urge, request, order, +that(should )+动词原形as
5、k, move, propose等注意：在此结构中that不可省略；should省不省均可。He suggested that they (should ) stop smoking.上述动词的名词形式出现时，that 引导的从句仍用虚拟语气。He made a request that they (should ) stop smoking.注意：* insist有两个意思，当表示“坚持让某人做某事”（含命令口吻）时，that从句用虚拟，如：He insists that we (should) go home now.当表示“坚持某种说法”时，that从句用陈述语气。He insists
6、that he is right.*suggest也有两个意思，当表示“建议”时，that从句用虚拟语气，如：I suggest that we should go home now.当表示“暗示”时，that从句用陈述语气。如：All the evidence suggests that he stole the money. 所有证据偶读暗示是他偷了钱。2、It is (was )+necessary, a pity 等+that引导的从句须用虚拟语气，其句子结构如下： imperative, advisable, 动词完成式It is (was) + important, natural
7、, necessary, +that(should) +essential, strange,等 动词原形 It is important that you (should) follow the doctors orders.It is right that you should have done your homework.3、wish的用法主句谓语动词that 从句谓语动词例子现在的愿望：wish/wishes一般过去式:did或wereI wish I were as tall as you. 我希望和你一样高。过去的愿望：wished过去完成式:had doneI wished I
8、 had never stopped teaching. (=I am sorry I stopped teaching.)对将来的愿望：wish/wisheswould/could +动词原形I wish it would rain tomorrow. 我希望明天下雨就好了。注意：wish与hope接宾语从句的区别在于：hope表示一般可以实现的希望，宾语从句用陈述语气。wish表示很难或不大可能实现的希望,宾语从句用虚拟语气。试比较：（1） We hope they will come,(We dont know if they can come.)（2） We wish they could come,(We know they are not coming.)4、as if, as though, would(had) rather(that)引导的从句须用虚拟语气，如： He acts as if nothing had happened.I would rather you didnt tell him.5、Its (high) time that+动词过去式或should+动词原形，如：Its time (that) you had a hair cut.Its high time (that) we took some action.
