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1、材料类铝aluminum沥青asphalt轻质岗岩alpine rock粗凿boasted ashlars陶瓷ceramic小圆石，小鹅卵石cobble黏土clay碎砾石crushed gravel碎石混凝土crushed stone concrete碎石crushed stone石灰cement陶瓷，瓷釉enamel磨砂玻璃frosted glass砂岩sandstone彩釉玻璃glazed colored glass花岗岩，花岗石granite卵石gravel碎石片gallet地砖材料ground pavement material轻质板岩light slate灰土lime earth砝石
2、结构masonry张拉膜，膜结构membrane薄膜防水membrane waterproofing马赛克mosaic灰浆plaster磨光平板玻璃polished plate glass面板，嵌板panel粗琢方石rusticated ashlars粗毛石rough rubble钢筋reinforcement材质material焦麻绳abaca rope纯黑麻absolute black通风温泉喷嘴aerated spa jets碎石层aggregate碎石排水层aggregates drainage layer铝玻璃框架aluminum glass frame锚栓anchor bolt（亭
3、）尖顶apex铺装材料paving material钢条bars板条，木条batten织篮式basket weave pattern错缝式running bound pattern沙滩岩beach sand埋头铆钉blind rivet螺栓与帽bolt and nut毛石boulder rock接缝boarders & bond黄铜铰链brass hinge黄铜收边brass capping拖架bracket瓷砖ceramic tiles水泥砂浆面层cement and sand screeding碎片chip石材饰面cladding压实次层compacted subgrade混凝土露头砖co
4、ncrete header混凝土压顶concrete capital檐口cornice顶盖coping枕梁corbel碎拼crazy cut路牙，路缘curb阴沟，水道culvert梢钉dowel排水孔drain hole嵌入embed雕花的engraved砂岩sandstone伸缩螺栓expansion bolt橼rafter饰面finish水体过滤，净化系统filtration system烧面flamed finish光面polished finish亚光面honed finish荔枝面lychee finish蘑菇面mushroom finish斧剁面hammered finish自然
5、面natural cleft径切面radial cut泛光照明floodlight钉板条furring光滑的glazed格子grille植草格grass ring paver植草砖grass concrete paver篦子grating分格线groove灌浆凝固grout set鱼骨形herringbone中空hollow压层的laminated石灰石limestone无光漆matt finish网丝mesh软钢mild steel水洗石pebble washout基架底座pedestal素水泥石膏plain plastered cement素水泥油漆面plain cement painte
6、d finish厚木板支架plank种植槽planter石膏plaster树脂玻璃polycarbonate柱基，方形底座plinth夹板，合板plywood涂粉powder-coated预制线条pre-cast moulding檩purlin塔，水塔pylon浮雕relief波纹玻璃rippled glass屋脊ridge河石river stone纯灰麻royal gray黄锈石rustic yellow喷砂sand blast砂石基层/垫层sand base/bedding锯面sawn锯齿状的saw-toothed硅石，硅土silica喷漆面spray painted长钉spike灰泥st
7、ucco明沟排水swale管状的tubular螺丝扣turnbuckle草皮turf梯级，踏板tread陶瓦terra cotta强化玻璃tempered glass膜结构tensile structure壁板wainscoting设施设备类门廊atrium走道，过道aisle道路avenue通道，入口艺术墙access画廊art gallery拱顶arch拱门archway拱廊，拱廊街道arcade轴线axis沟渠，导水管aqueduct小巷alleyway栏杆balustrade/railing座椅bench阳台balcony板梁plate beam承重墙bearing wall挡土墙re
8、taining wall地下车库basement parking小平台berm幕墙curtain wall小瀑布，叠水cascade走廊corridor内院，院子courtyard张拉膜，天蓬，遮蓬canopy海岸coast儿童活动区childrens playground纤维板clipboard悬臂梁cantilever天花板ceiling停车场car park地毯carpet自助餐厅cafeteria开垦地，荒地clearage大洞穴cavern旱喷泉dry fountain车道driveway圆顶dome排水沟drain下水道drainage排水系统drainage system放电管d
9、ischarge lamp入口广场entry plaza电梯elevator自动扶梯escalator屋顶花园roof garden围墙，围栏fence喷泉fountain人行天桥footbridge消防车fire truck家具，设备furniture明沟gutter暗沟ditch山谷valley车库garage门厅，休息室foyer岛island小旅馆inn喷头jet幼儿园kindergarten小亭子（报刊，小卖部kiosk灯具lamps and lanterns照明设备lighting furniture包厢mezzanine体育场stadium室外平台outdoor terrace池
10、，池塘pond/pool亭，阁pavilion港口port硬地铺装pavement公共休闲广场public plaza公共广场communal plaza步行街pedestrian street休闲广场区resting plaza屋顶rooftop/housetop桩pile泵pump斜坡道，残疾人坡道ramp河道riverway遮阳构件sunbreaking element卫生设备sanitation天窗skylight地平线skyline岸，海滨shore窗框sash楼板，地下室顶板slab楼梯厅stair hall楼梯间staircase主要main/primary次要secondary
11、小品（椅凳标志）street furniture安全通道safety passageway架子shelf/stand天棚sunshade山塘小溪small mountain stream下沉广场sinking down plaza人行道sidewalk步行道footpath架空层open floor边界boundary/board组团cluster棋牌区chess space入口entry/entrance出口exit安全出口emergency exit草坪lawn高速公路freeway大道main street林荫大道boulevard花园路parkway标识物marker散步，漫步道pro
12、menade岗亭guardhouse水系water system雕塑sculpture风格style比例scale沼泽地swamp花架，花格trellis伞膜parasol广场plaza走道，人行道walkway滨水地区waterfront水景water feature迂回区，回车道roundabout紧急消防通道E.V.A.花钵flower pot树池tree collar人防地下室bombproof basement通风ventilation采光井sunlight well样板房model house草坡grass mound/slope大厅休息室lounge area会所clubhous
13、e环境environment汀步stepping stone后花园shade garden浮亭floating pavilion镜面湖reflecting pond景桥feature bridge曲桥zigzag bridge节点node木平台timber deck组团花园cluster garden硬木廊架treated hard wood pergola小区围栏perimeter fence大门gate/gateway住宅入口空间residential entry courtyard假山rockwork园林小品garden ornaments眺望台prospect deck植物类观赏树木o
14、rnamental tree观叶植物foliage plant观果植物fruit-effect plant指示植物indicating plant主景植物accent plant耐湿植物damp tolerant plant抗风植物wind-resistant plant芳香植物fragrant plant岩生植物rock plant攀缘植物climbing plant地被植物ground cover plant阴生植物shade plant装饰植物decorative plant绿篱植物hedge plant草坪植物lawn plant花坛植物bedding plant球根植物bulbous plant宿根植物perennial plant水生植物aquatic plant针叶植物needle-leaved plant阔叶植物board-leaved plant松柏植物conifer常绿植物evergreen plant半常绿植物semi-evergreen plant不耐寒植物tender plant
