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1、一.本课要点及示例 在这一课里, 我们先复习现在完成式, 然后练习直接宾语和间接宾语. 首先我们还是听一段对话, 内容是说亨利跟凯特谈到供大女儿珍妮上大学的事情. 请你注意听两位英文老师的发音和语调. F: Henry, we owe the university 400 dollars for Jennys tuition. M: We have paid them, havent we? F: We paid them for the last semester. They sent us a bill for the new semester. M: Luckily there are
2、only two semesters a year. F: Well, theres the summer session. M: Does Jenny plan to go to summer school? F: No, she wants to work and save some money in the summer. M: Thats good. Maybe she can help and pay the university some of her tuition next year. 现在我们再把整段对话听一遍, 请你注意听. F: Henry, we owe the uni
3、versity 400 dollars for Jennys tuition. M: We have paid them, havent we? F: We paid them for the last semester. They sent us a bill for the new semester. M: Luckily there are only two semesters a year. F: Well, theres the summer session. M: Does Jenny plan to go to summer school? F: No, she wants to
4、 work and save some money in the summer. M: Thats good. Maybe she can help and pay the university some of her tuition next year. 刚才那段对话里有些句子包含了直接和间接宾语, 现在我们再把这些句子听一遍. F: We owe the university 400 dollars for Jennys tuition. F: They sent us a bill for the new semester. M: Maybe she can help and pay t
5、he university some of her tuition next year. 二.现在完成式和过去式 听完了对话现在我们来作练习. 首先我们来复习现在完成式. 以前我们学过现在完成式是用来表示到目前已经发生的事情而过去式表示在过去一个特定的 时间所发生的事情. 下面我请英文老师念一些句子比较这两种时态. 男老师念 现在完成式句子, 女老师念过去式句子, 请你注意听. M: Henry and Kate have paid the tuition. F: They paid it last month. M: Henry has written a letter. F: Henry
6、wrote it last night. M: Kate has taken the car to the garage. F: She took it last week. 下面我们来练习这两种时态. 首先老师提出现在完成式问句, 然后老师给你念一个时间词组, 请你用过去式跟这个时间词组作肯定的答覆. 下面就是一个例子: M: Have Henry and Kate paid the telephone bill? M: last week F: They paid it last week. 现在我们开始作练习. 练习里的句子都跟一般家务事有关系, 比方 付电话费 pay the tele
7、phone bill, 贷款 get a loan, 报税 do the income tax, 洗衣服do the laundry 等等. 每作完一句就请你听老师念正确答案. M: Have Henry and Kate paid the telephone bill? M: last week F: Yes, they paid it last week. M: Has Henry gotten a loan? M: this spring F: Yes, he got it this spring. M: Has Henry done his income tax? M: this Ap
8、ril F: Yes, he did it this April. M: Has Kate taken the car to the garage? M: several days ago F: Yes, she took it several days ago. M: Has Kate bought the groceries? M: a few hours ago F: Yes, she bought them a few hours ago. M: Has Kate done the laundry? M: the day before yesterday F: Yes, she did
9、 it the day before yesterday. 三.直接宾语和间接宾语 刚才那个练习你都作对了吗?现在我们来学直接宾语和间接宾语的用法. 在英文里有些及物动词, 比方 教 teach, 给 give, 写 write 等等, 可以有两个宾语. 比方有一句话: 凯特教琳达英文. Kate teaches Linda English. 在这句话里琳达 是间接宾语, 英文 是直接宾语. 另外有一句话: 昨天亨利给珍妮写了 一封信. Henry wrote Jenny a letter yesterday.在这句话里 珍妮 是间接宾语,一封信 是直接宾语. 下面我请两位英文老师念一些包含了
10、这两种宾语的现在完成式句子, 内容是说亨利和凯特分别为儿女作些了什么事情. 在这些句子里指东西的都是直接宾语, 指人的都是间接宾语. 每个句子我们念两遍, 请你听一遍, 跟着老师重复一遍. M: Henry has written Jenny a letter. F: Henry has written Jenny a letter. M: Kate has sent Jenny a package. F: Kate has sent Jenny a package. M: Henry has given Peter some money. F: Henry has given Peter s
11、ome money. M: Kate has shown Peter a book. F: Kate has shown Peter a book. M: Henry has bought Linda a swimming suit. F: Henry has bought Linda a swimming suit. M: Kate has taught Linda an English lesson. F: Kate has taught Linda an English lesson. 刚才我们用直接宾语和间接宾语练习了一些句子, 内容说到亨利和凯特为他 们的儿女作了些什么事情. 现在我
12、们继续练习, 可是方式不同. 这次由老师用 什么 what 提出包含了间接宾语的现在完成式疑问句, 比方: What have Henry and Kate paid the university?接着老师念出一个直接宾语, 比方: Jennystuition, 学生就用间接和直接宾语回答问题, 所以答案就是: They have paid the university Jennys tuition. 好, 现在请你注意听老师问问题; 这些问题都是说到珍妮因为上大学搬到学校附近, 亨利和凯特担心女儿第一次在外边住可能觉得孤单, 所以给她买了无线电, 又怕没人给她缝衣服, 所以给她买了缝纫机,凯
13、特又把汽车借给她, 亨利拿出地图来, 告诉她应该走哪条路等等. M: What have Henry and Kate paid the university? M: Jennys tuition F: They have paid the university Jennys tuition. M: What have they bought Jenny? M: a radio F: They have bought Jenny a radio. M: What have they gotten Jenny? M: a sewing machine F: They have gotten Je
14、nny a sewing machine. M: What has Kate taught Jenny? M: sewing F: She has taught Jenny sewing. M: What has Kate lent Jenny? M: her car F: She has lent Jenny her car. M: What has Henry shown Jenny? M: a map F: He has shown Jenny a map. M: What has Henry given Jenny? M: some advice F: He has given Jenny some advice. 刚才那个练习你都会作吗? 下面我们来学习另外一种用直接和间接宾语的方法. 首先请你听一个句子: Henry has written a letter to Jenny. 这句话跟我们刚才练习的说法, 也就是: Henry has written Jenny a letter. 意思一样, 只不过把 间接宾语和直接宾语的顺序对调, 而且在间接宾语的前头加
