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1、一.本课要点及示例 在这一课里, 我们学习动词加上 to, t-o, to 再加上另外一个动词的用法, 比方拒绝参加 refuse to join, 要求得到 demand to get 等等. 我们还要学习许多关于工会的词汇. 首先我们来听今天这一课的对话,内容是说凯特和他的同事比尔谈起了参加教师工会的事情, 请你注意听两位英文老师的发音和语调. F: Are you going to the union meeting tonight? M: No, I refused to join a union. Its not professional. F: I used to think th
2、at way, but not anymore. The union is here to stay, and I think it is a good thing. M: Why do we need to have a union? F: They communicate our views to the school board. M: They demand to get more money and lighter workloads. F: They work to get better learning situations for our students. M: Like w
3、hat? F: They managed to get the school board to control class size and offer more courses. M: Yes, they were helpful in those cases, but I still dont want to join the union. 现在我请英文老师用慢速度再把整段对话念一遍. F: Are you going to the union meeting tonight? M: No, I refused to join a union. Its not professional.
4、F: I used to think that way, but not anymore. The union is here to stay, and I think it is a good thing. M: Why do we need to have a union? F: They communicate our views to the school board. M: They demand to get more money and lighter workloads. F: They work to get better learning situations for ou
5、r students. M: Like what? F: They managed to get the school board to control class size and offer more courses. M: Yes, they were helpful in those cases, but I still dont want to join the union. 下面我们再把对话里包含了今天要学的语法的句子挑出来, 用慢速度念一遍给你听. M: I refuse to join a union. I dont want to join the union. F: I u
6、sed to think that way. M: Why do we need to have a union? M: They demand to get more money. F: They work to get better learning situations. F: They managed to get the school board to control class size.二.NEED TO 听了上面那些句子, 我想你已经注意到用 to 连接的两个动词可以用来说明同一个主语. 现在我们作几组练习, 多学学这类动词词组. 首先我们学习 need to have. 比方
7、 工人需要减轻工作量. 这句话英文可以这样说: Workers need to have lighter workloads. 下面英文老师用 need to have 作一些句子, 说明工人需要有什么, 比方 较高的工资 higher wages, 小额优惠 fringe benefits, 职业保障 job protection, 退休金 retirement pension,工会代表 union representatives 等等. 你注意听老师念句子, 并且跟着学生把句子重复一遍. M: Workers need to have higher wages. F: Workers ne
8、ed to have higher wages. M: Workers need to have better working conditions. F: Workers need to have better working conditions. M: Workers need to have more fringe benefits. F: Workers need to have more fringe benefits. M: Workers need to have job protection. F: Workers need to have job protection. M
9、: Workers need to have retirement pension. F: Workers need to have retirement pension. M: Workers need to have unions. F: Workers need to have unions. M: Workers need to have representatives. F: Workers need to have representatives.三.DEMAND TO GET, ARE ALLOWED TO 和 WANT TO 刚才那些新词汇如果你还不太熟没有关系. 现在我们作一
10、组代换练习把这些词汇练习一下; 不过这次我请英文老师用 需要得到 demand to get 作句子.练习的作法是老师念一个句子, 接着老师念出一个词组, 学生就把词组代换到原来的句子里. 在学生作练习的时候, 请你也一起作. M: Workers demand to get higher wages. M: better working conditions F: Workers demand to get better working conditions. M: more fringe benefits F: Workers demand to get more fringe benef
11、its. M: job protection F: Workers demand to get job protection. M: retirement pension F: Workers demand to get retirement pension. M: lighter workloads F: Workers demand to get lighter workloads 下面我们练习用 are allowed to 加上另外一个动词作一些被动语态句子,说明美国法律准许工人作什么事, 比方 组织工会 form a union, 表示意见express opinions, 组织罢工
12、 organize a strike, 跟资方讨价还价 bargain with the management 等等. 老师念第一个句子之后, 接着老师会念出一些词组,请你把你听到的代换到原来的句子里. 每作完一句, 老师会把句子再念一遍给你听. 我们现在开始. M: Workers are allowed to form a union. M: select their representatives F: Workers are allowed to select their representatives. M: express their opinions F: Workers are
13、 allowed to express their opinions. M: organize a strike F: Workers are allowed to organize a strike. M: bargain with the management F: Workers are allowed to bargain with the management. 下面我们用 want to 加上另外一个动词作一些句子, 学学工会要作些什么事情. 在这组练习里你不但可以复习语法, 也可以学到一些有用的词汇, 比方改善 improve, 磋商 negotiate, 吸收新会员 recru
14、it new members 等等.现在请你注意听老师念句子,每念完一句就请你跟着学生一起把句子重复一遍. M: The unions want to represent workers. F: The unions want to represent workers. M: The unions want to recruit new members. F: The unions want to recruit new members. M: The unions want to improve workers working situations. F: The unions want to improve workers working situations. M: The unions want to negotiate with the management. F: The unions want to negotiate with the management. M: The unions want to communicate with the management. F: The unions want to communicate with the management.四.REFUSE TO, MANAGE TO等等 下面我们作一组练习,
