《it作形式主语和形式宾语.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《it作形式主语和形式宾语.doc（5页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、it作形式主语和形式宾语it既可作人称代词，用来表示动物或无生命的物体等，也可以作无人称代词，在句中作主语，表示“时间”、“距离”、“天气”等。它还可以引导强调句，使语气得以加强。此外，it在句中能作引导词，充当句子中的形式上的成分，如形式主语、形式宾语等。 it作形式主语：it作形式主语时没有具体的意义，而只是帮助把真正的主语移到句子后部去，使句子显得平稳一些。it作形式主语时，可以代替三种形式：不定式、动名词和主语从句。 it代替不定式短语常用于下列句型中：It + be +形容词 + (for/of sb.) to do sth.It + be + 名词 + to do sth.It t
2、akes sb. some time to do sth. 干花了某人时间Its up to sb. to do sth. 干是某人的职责或义务如：It is everyones duty to obey the law. 遵守法律是每个人的义务。（ it作形式主语, 代替不定式短语to obey the law）It is difficult for a foreigner to learn Chinese.对于一个外国人来说，学习汉语是困难的。（ it作形式主语, 代替不定式短语to learn Chinese）It is not right to use these places as
3、rubbish dumps.把这些地方用来倒垃圾是不对的。（it作形式主语, 代替不定式短语to use these places as rubbish dumps）It took them a year to build the bridge. 建这座桥花了他们一年的时间。（ it作形式主语, 代替不定式短语to build the bridge）It is bad manners to stare at people.瞪着眼睛看人是不礼貌的。（ it作形式主语, 代替不定式短语to stare at people）It is up to us to help those in need.
4、帮助那些有困难的人是我们的责任。（ it作形式主语, 代替不定式短语to help those in need）It is not up to you to tell me how to do my job.我怎样干我的工作不用你来多嘴。（ it作形式主语, 代替不定式短语to tell me how to do my job） It be + 形容词+ for sb. to do sth.与It be + 形容词+of sb. to do sth.：如果句型中的形容词描述的是sb.的品质、品格，在逻辑上可以作sb.的表语，则sb.前应用介词of，否则就用for。如： Its necessar
5、y for us to use a short-wave radio to pick up the programmes.我们用一台短波收音机收听这些节目是必要的。Its important for us to learn English well.学好英语对我们来说是重要的。Its kind of you to help me.感谢你对我的帮助。（= You are kind to help me. ）It was foolish of him to give up the job.他放弃那工作是愚蠢的。（= He was foolish to give up the job.） it代替动
6、名词短语：动名词作主语用后置形式的情况远不及不定式那么普遍，常限于no good, no use, useless, waste等词的后面。It is no good/ use having a car if you cant drive.如果你不会开车，有车也没用。( it作形式主语,代替动名词短语having a car)It is a waste of time watching TV.看电视是浪费时间。（ it作形式主语,代替动名词短语watching TV）It is no use asking him.问他没有用。 （ it作形式主语,代替动名词短语asking him）It is
7、 no use talking to him about it.和他谈这事没有用。（ it作形式主语,代替动名词短语talking to him about it） it代替主语从句：这个主语从句可以用连词that引导，也可以用连接代词或连接副词引导。如：It was clear that they had no desire for peace.很清楚他们没有和平的诚意。（ it作形式主语,代替主语从句that they had no desire for peace）It is doubtful whether she will be able to come.她能否来还很难说。（ it作
8、形式主语,代替主语从句whether she will be able to come）It was clear enough what she meant.她的意思是够清楚的。（ it作形式主语,代替主语从句what she meant）It hasnt been made clear when the new road is to be opened to traffic.还没明确宣布新路什么时候通车。（ it作形式主语,代替主语从句when the new road is to be opened to traffic）It is a mystery to me how it all h
9、appened.这都是怎么发生的对于我来说还是一个谜。（ it作形式主语,代替主语从句how it all happened）用it作形式主语，把真正的主语从句移至后面的常见句型有： It is a pity/ a shame/ a fact/ an honour/ good news/ no wonder/ a wonder that如：It was a pity that the engineer couldnt come.可惜工程师没能够来。It is a wonder that he continues to gamble when he always loses!令人惊讶的是他一直输
10、还一直赌。（It is）no wonder (that) you were late!难怪你来晚了。It is a shame that the rain spoiled our picnic. 真可惜，这场雨把我们的野餐给搅了。It is a fact that English is being accepted as international language.英语被认为是国际语言，这是一个事实。 It is + 形容词（如： strange/ natural/ surprising/ obvious/ true/ fortunate/ wonderful/ funny/ possibl
11、e/ impossible/ likely/ unlikely/ clear/ unusual/ certain/ important）that 如：It is certain that he will win.他一定会取胜。It is important that we should learn from each other and help each other.我们应当互相学习，互相帮助，这是很重要的。It was obvious that the child had been badly treated.很显然那个孩子受过虐待。It is likely that he will ri
12、ng me tonight.他今晚可能给我打电话。It is strange that he should have left without telling us.真奇怪，他也没说一声就走了。It is unlikely that their group will get ahead of us.他们小组不会赶到我们前头去。 It seems/ happened/ turned out/ suddenly struck me/ occurred to methat 如：It happened that I wasnt there that day.恰好那天我不在那里。 It seems th
13、at his idea is more practical.看起来他的意见更实际一些。It suddenly occurred to me that I knew how to solve that problem.我忽然想起我知道怎样解决那个问题。 It + be + 过去分词（如：said/ reported/ announced/ decided/ expected/ hoped/ known/ believed）that如：It is hoped that the number of deer will greatly increase very soon. 人们希望鹿的数目将会很快增
14、加。(相当于：People hope that the number of deer will greatly increase very soon)It is said that nothing has been done about it.据说至今对此没采取任何措施。It is reported that more than twenty people were killed in that bus accident.据报道在那次的公共汽车事故中有二十多人丧生。It is known that he is one of the best teachers in our school.大家都
15、知道他是我们学校最好的教师之一。It is believed that the flood there is the biggest in 100 years.据认为那儿的洪水是百年来最大的洪水。* 注意要在It is suggested/required/desired/ordered/proposedthat的主语从句中用虚拟语气：(should) + 动词原形如：It is requested that he give a performance at the party.有人请求他在聚会上表演一个节目。It is suggested that we should get everything ready by tonight.建议一切在今晚准备好。It is ordered
