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1、初中英语语法不定代词出题点: (1) some和any的用法 (2) many和much的用法 (3) few, a few, little, a little的用法 (4) one, it和that的用法区别 (5) other(s)和the other(s)的用法区别 (6) none, no one, neither, either的用法区别不明确指代某个人，某个事物，某些人，某些事物的代词叫做不定代词。不定代词用法比较复杂，在掌握各个不定代词的用法时有必要把意义相近，用法不同的不定代词进行比较。不定代词分为两大类，即普通不定代词和复合不定代词。不定代词基本用法allsomeany(1)
2、 用作形容词，其后跟不可数名词和复数可数名词。(2) 用作代词，可单独使用，也可跟“of+不可数名词和复数可数名词”。both(a)fewmany (1) 用作形容词，其后跟复数可数名词。(2) 用作代词，其后可跟“of+复数可数名词”，也可单用。(a) littlemuch(1) 用作形容词，其后跟复数可数名词。(2) 用作代词，其后可跟“of+复数可数名词”，也可单用。eacheitherneither(1) 用作形容词，其后可跟单数可数名词。(2) 用作代词，其后可跟“of+复数名词”，也可单用。another other用作形容词，前者与单数可数名词连用，而后者可跟单数可数名词或复数名
3、词，两者都可以与“数字+复数可数名词”或one连用。none只用作代词，代替可数或不可数名词，其后可用“of+ 复数可数名词或不可数名词”。everyno只用作形容词，作定语。复合不定代词这类代词之后通常不跟of短语，但其后可跟形容词作后置定语。由-body和-one构成的复合代词之后可跟else，而且可用所有格(-s)形式。1. some, any(1) 表示“一些”时，some和any既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。一般来说，some常用于肯定句中，而any常用于否定句和疑问句中。He asked for tea, so I gave him some.There is not
4、any water in the bottle.Is there any reason for changing the plan?(2) some用于疑问句时，表建议请求，邀请等，并希望得到对方的肯定回答。Would you buy me some stamps when you pass the post office?Can I have some coffee with sugar?(3) any用于肯定句时，表示任何的，任何一个。If you have any questions, please put up your hand.The medical is on sale ever
5、ywhere.You can get it at any chemists.(4) “some/any of+ .”结构作主语时，谓语动词单复数需要根据of后面的名词单复数而定。Some of the food has gone sugar.Some of the teachers agreed to go there by bus.2. all, both(1) all和both都意为“都”。all指三者或三者以上的人或物; both则指两个人或物。They were only two paintings for sale and he bought both.We should prote
6、ct the beautiful flowers on both sides of the street.All of them have now become writers.All was quiet in the street outside.Both men and women are not of the same character.(2) all, both作主语的同位语时，应位于实义动词之前，系动词、助动词或情态动词之后。My parents both like coffee very much.Janes kids are both beautiful and clever.
7、You should all hand in your VIP cards.3. one(1) 可以用来代替单数可数名词，表示泛指意义；ones用来代替复数可数名词。Ive been looking for map but I cant find one.There are twenty old tables in our classroom. Our teacher wants to buy ten new ones.(2) 可只带不特定的人，表示“人，一个人，人们”。One should do his best at all times.One should take care of hi
8、mself.(3) one可以和the, this, that, these, those等词连用，表示特指的某些人或某些物，也可以用形容词来修饰。I dont like that cell phone, the one you just showed me.I have an old bike and she has a new one.(4) one, it和that的区别one可指代单数可数名词，指上文出现过的同一类事物。替代同一类人或事物时，其前面必须有如the, some, all等限定词，同一类人或事物的复数用ones。it可代替单数可数词，指同一个，不能带任何修饰语。that可代
9、替前面提到过的单数可数名词或者不可数名词，他表示同一类而不是同一个，其后面常带有修饰语。Which jacket would you like, this one or that one?I cant find my hat, I dont know where I put it.The population of China is larger than that in India.4. either，neitherneither和either的相同用法说明either/neither+谓语动词用作主语时，谓语通常用单数形式，但在非正式文体中，特别是当其后跟有复数名词，代词或用在否定句中时常
10、常用复数形式的谓语either/neither+单数可数名词名词之前不加冠词，物主代词，指示代词或名词所有格either/neither+of+复数人称代词宾语of不能省去either/neither+of+定冠词/物主代词/指示代词/名词所有格+复数可数名词用作代词，表示在两者之间选择，其后常用“of+复数可数名词”，名词前的冠词等不能省去(1) either表示“两者中的任何一个”，做主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式，起其后可接of短语。You can come on Saturday or Sunday. Either is OK for me.We cant care much for w
11、hat to eat. Either of the two will do.(2) neither 表示“两者都不”，做主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式，其后可接of短语。We have red and yellow T-shirts. Which color do you like?Oh, neither. I think blue will be OK.Neither of them wants to speak to him about this matter.5. each,every代词区别点意义在句中所作成分与of搭配each强调个体主语、宾语、定语、同位语可every强调整体定语不可
12、(1) each指代或修饰单数可数名词，强调个体，多用于两者或两者以上的场合。作主语时，谓语动词用单数Each of them knows the whole thing.There are trees on each side of the road.We each have a ticket.(2) every修饰单数可数名词，强调整体，用于三者或三者以上的场合。every修饰名词做主语时，谓语动词用单数。Every day is a new opportunity.Every student will take part in the research.Every man is not
13、honest.6. none, no one表格(1) none意为“三者或三者以上都不”，指代人或物，既可指代复数可数名词，也可指代不可数名词，可与of连用。替代复数可数名词做主语时，谓语动词用单、复数均可。常用来回答以how many/ how much提出的特殊疑问句。How much money do you have? - None.I need some paper, but there is none at hand.(2) no one意为“没有一个人”，常指人，仅用于指代单数可数名词，常用来回答以who提出的特殊疑问句。Who is absent from class tod
14、ay? No one, sir.No one knows all of it.7. other, the other, others, the others和another(1) other意为“另外的”，只能作定语，常与复数可数名词和不可数名词连用。I suggested a camping holiday, but Jane had other ideas.Other people may not think that way.They have no other place to go.(2) the other意为“两者中的另一个”，常与one连用，构成one.the other.结构
15、。I have two brothers. One is a salesman, and the other is an engineer.Hold it in this hand, not the other hand.(3) others泛指别的人或物，相当于other+复数可数名词，常构成“some.others.”结构。Some boys are playing basketball, and others are playing soccer.Some people like tea, others like coffee and others like milk.(4) the others特指“其余所有的人或物”，相当于“the other+ 复数可数名词”。Three of us remain here and all the others go to the next room.Some students swept the floor, and the others cleaned the windows.(5) another
