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1、英语构词法在高考取的应用本课重点：1.各种词性的正确使用及转变2. 运用构词法知识猜想语境中词的语义3. 经过理解和掌握构词法扩大词汇量考情剖析：1.Wedranktogetherandtalked_(merry)tillfarintothenight.(07高考)proverbissayingwehavetoletthingsgointheir(nature)course.(08高考)Janeknewfrompastexperiencethather_(choose)oftieshardlyeverpleasedherfather.(09高考)teachertookadeepdrink,sm
2、iled_(warm),andthankedverymuchforthesweetwater.(10高考)hisstudent考点精讲：Friendshipschangeasourneedsandlifestyleschange.Donttroubletroubleuntiltroubletroublesyou.Theywatchedthetrainuntilitdisappearedinthedistance.英语构词法主要有三种方法：一.合成(Compounding):由两个或更多的词合成一个词eg.house(房屋)+wife(老婆)-housewife(家庭主妇)二 .转变(Conve
3、rsion):由一个词类转变为另一个词类:eg.water(n.)水-water(v.)浇水三.派生(Derivation):经过加前缀或后缀组成此外一个词:eg.happy-unhappy加前缀一般不改变原词的，只改变其。happy-happiness加后缀改变了原词的一合成法：Yet,shopkeepersmayhavetospendextrahourstodealwithproblems,suchasshoplifters,whoalwaystakeawaythingsfromtheshopwithoutpayingforthem.Whatdoestheword“shoplifter”m
4、eanA.商铺里的小偷C.商铺里的老客户B.商铺里的销售员D.商铺里的搬运工注意：请你猜一猜以下划线的词的词义。them,playingwellandwinningareoftenlife-and-deathaffairs.spiritisanecessity.Sharpwordsfromateachercanusuallybringaday-dreamingstudentdown-to-earth.atimewewrote,andherletterswerethehighlightofthoseterribleendlessyears.二转变法：Heisamanwithbroadshould
5、ers.Wewillshouldertheresponsibilitiesatanytime.NobelarrangedinhiswilltogivethelargestpartofhismoneytoestablishtheNobelprizes.(08高考）触类旁通：feedcauseuseflynativemajormailemptycheatfree三派生法（重点）：（一）前缀1.否认前缀：il-im-in-ir-dis-mis-un-non-请为以下单词找出适合的否认前缀。balanceconcernactivepatientpossibleunderstandlegalluckyp
6、oliteregularagreeusehonestadvantagestopsmokerfair2. 请找出以下单词的前缀，并议论前缀所含意义retellrepayantiaircraftoversleepoverlooksupermancoeducationsubwaysubtitleinternationalinterviewenlargetransport概括：稳固练习：1Itwouldbeeasyforsomeonetomispresenthimselfcantseehim.Thussomeonewhosaysthat“sheiscouldreallybeanoldman.Whatd
7、oestheword“mispresent”meanawrongjudgmentaboutsomebodywronglyawrongdescriptionofawrongopinionaboutonlinebecauseyoua12-year-oldgirl.”2.Thecomputeralsocountstheloadsandgivesasignalbyphonewhentheboxisfull.Andaspecialpieceofequipmentbreaksupthenonrecyclables.3.Anothermythabouteyesisthattheycanbetransplan
8、ted.Itisquitedifficulttoconnectaneyeballtoanewbrain(二）后缀1. 常有的名词后缀A:表示人的后缀：B: 其余常有的后缀：技巧点拨：动词、介词、冠词、物主代词等词后一般接或动名词,假如所给单词是其余词类,就要将其改为,并注意名词数的变化。动词，名词，形容词时都有可能会考否认形式，必定要依据语境来判断。(1)His(careful)resultedintheterribleaccident(2)Hewasoneofthe(visit)whothoughthighlyofTom,theirguide.2. 常有的形容词后缀-al;an;ern;-b
9、le;ish;ive;y;-ful;-lessly;-ous表示拥有的性质,或与有关.practical,American,southern,possible,foolish,native,rainy,careless，careful3. 常有的副词后缀:- ly表示方式,程度:freely，happily-ward(s)表示方向:westwards技巧点拨：动词前后、形容词前后可有，这时，假如所给词为形容词，则需将其变为副词。假如所给词为名词或动词，可先将其变为形容词，再加后缀-ly。此外，在答题时还要考虑副词级的变化。名词前面一般可有形容词修饰语,连系动词后接形容词作表语。假如所需词为形容
10、词时,还要考虑形容词级的变化。如：(1)Thelittlegirlis(extreme）eagertoknowtheresultoftheexam.(2)What，sthe(length)riverintheworld(3)The(strength)webecome,themoremodestweshouldbe.4.动词后缀:-fy(使化);-ize(使成为);en(使）写出以下单词的动词形式。beautymoderndeeprichrealquick技巧点拨：动词是句子的灵魂，在确立语法填空的答案时，要考虑句子中能否有谓语动词，假如谓语动词，需将所给词经过加前缀或后缀变为动词。两个en含有
11、使动用法:en-（enrich)-en(widen)易错点mostaircraftflyhighly.2.Theycanwatchlivelybroadcastballgamesathome.3.”Wereallydidverywell,”criedthefairy,inapleasingvoice,forIfoundlittleunhappinessamongthechildrenthismorning.”加强训练aword,tosavetimeis_(long)life.tolengthenthetripIthoughtwewererichbuttodayIlearntwhois_(tru
12、e)rich.racegaveagreatdealof_(please).(惠一调)4.Itwashisninthyearofschoolandhisacademiccareerseemedtobeinruins,soIwasfullof_(angry).(惠二调)5.andviruses,soImverycarefulnottogiveoutmy_(person)information.(惠三调)thistheboygotupandwalkedaway,leavinghisfathersittingontheircomfortablesofa,totally_(speech).(广一模)7.
13、 MrChenhastaughtmeEnglishsinceJunior1,andtoshowmy(appreciate)Idecidedtogetherapresent.(广州二模)8.(fortunate),IthennoticedthatIhadjust10minutestocompletetherest.(09广州二模)9.Somepeoplewerenowwaitingforherserviceandthewaitressgrewabit_(patience).（深一模）10.“Thirty-fivecents,”shesaid(rude).（09深一模）11.Imustknowhowtocareforothersandtrynotto(understand)them.12.youhavedonewellandmadegreatachievementinthe(entertain)fiel
