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1、倒装句英语最基本的语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后。但有时由于句子结构的需要或表示强调，就要采用倒装形式。将谓语动词完全移到主语之前称为完全倒装，只将助动词或情态动词放到主语之前称为部分倒装。强调性倒装和以so， neither， nor开头的句子是高考例题的热点。一、倒装句的意义1. 适应一定的语法结构的需要，主要是指疑问句句型结构的需要。e.g. May I come in？ Was the Peoples Liberation Army founded in 1927？2. 为了强调某一部分，而把这部分放到句首，构成倒装。e.g. Never have I been late for sch
2、ool this term. So early did he come to school that no other students came.二、倒装的用法1. 在“there be”结构里，there是引导词，主语在be后。在“there + be”结构中的谓语动词有时不用be , 而用表示类似“存在”观念的其他不及物动词。如：live, stand, come, lie, flow, enter, rise 和appear等。e.g. There is a box on the table.There came shouts for help from the river.There
3、 lies a large wheat field in front of the house.Many years ago there lived an old man in the wooden house.2. 在疑问句中。e.g. Is she singing in the classroom？What does your mother do？ 3. 在here， there等副词开头的某些句子里（要用一般现在时态）。如果主语是人称代词，主语和主要动词的词序不变。（完全倒装）e.g. There goes the bell. Here is an apple for you.There
4、 she comes.Ex：There _. And here _.A. goes the phone; she comesB. is the phone going; is sheC. does the phone go; does she comeD. the phone goes; come she4. 重复倒装句型，用在以so， nor， neither开头，表示谓语所述的情况也适用于另一个人或一事物的肯定或否定句中。so用于肯定句，表示“也一样”“也这样”；nor， neither用于否定句，表示“同样也不，也不这样”。e.g. I am watching TV. So is she
5、. My parents didnt watch TV last night. Neither （Nor） did I.She is busy doing her homework. So is her brother.You passed the exam. So did I.He doesnt like shopping. Neither do i.He cant speak any foreign language. Nor can his father.表示两人的同样一个情况时，只能表示一件事，即上、下句所使用的动词、时态要一致。否则要用so it is withHis uncle i
6、s a worker and has been working in the factory for more than ten years. So it is with his aunt.Ex：1)I dont know how to swim, _.A. and my sister doesnt neither B. nor my sister can C. nor does my sister D. and my sister does either2)Shes passed the test. _. A. So am I B. So have I C. So I have D. Als
7、o I have5. 直接引语的全部或一部分放在句首时，主句中的主谓也常直接倒装。（完全倒装）e.g. Very well， said the French student. Bring me two eggs and a cup of tea， please. said he.6. 在以hardly(scarcely), never, not, not only, little, few，seldom, no sooner(than), not until, no where等否定或半否定意义的副词、连词放在句首时要用倒装句，采用部分倒装。如不放在句首就不要倒装。e.g. Little di
8、d he say at the meeting. Never shall I forget the day when I joined the Army.Hardly(Scarcely) had he reached the station when the train started.Not once did we visit the city of our own.Seldom in all my life have I met such a determined person.Not only was there no electricity, but also no water.Not
9、 until he shouted at the top of his voice did she turn her head.比较：I shall never forget the day when I joined the Army.Ex：1) Hardly _ the airport when the plane took off. A. I had arrived atB. had I arrivedC. had I reachedD. I had got to2) Have you ever seen anything like that before? No, _ anything
10、 like that before.A. I never have seenB. never I have seenC. never have I seenD. I have seen7. 用于以only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句的句子中。e.g. Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to wrk. Only in this way can we learn English well.注意：如果only后的词组不是状语，不需倒装。e.g. Only Wang Lili knows this.
11、 only Only a few young men went to the theatre. （修饰主语时则不用倒装）Ex：1)Only in this way _ make progress in your English.A. youB. can youC. you be able toD. will you able to2) Only when the meeting was over_ go back to meet his friend. A. he couldB. he was able toC. was he able toD. was able to he3)Only af
12、ter liberation_ to be treated as human beings.A.did they begin B. they had begun C.they did begin D. had they begun8. 为了表达生动，有时把表地点、方位的副词，如 up， down， out， away， in等放在句首，同时把谓语动词放在主语之前。若主语为人称代词，主语和谓语动词的位置不变，只将副词放在句首。（完全倒装）e.g. Away hurried the boy. Out rushed the girl. Away she went with tears in her
13、eyes.Ex：Out _, with a stick in his hand. A. did he rush B. rushed he C. he rushed D. he did rush表示地点的介词短语 (如on the wall, under the tree, in front of the house, in the middle of the room等)放在句首时,要全部倒装。如:On the top of the hill stands a pine tree. In front of the classroom is a playground.Ex：Under a big
14、 tree _, half asleep.A. did sat a fat manB. a fat man sat C. did a fat man satD. sat a fat man9. 在虚拟结构中，条件从句的谓语含有were， had 和should这三个词是，可省去if，将这些词移至主语之前。e.g. Had I time （= If I had time）， I would go and help you. Were I you （= If I were you）， I would go abroad. Should he come （=If he should come）， t
15、ell him to ring me up.10. as引导让步状语从句时要倒装（形容词/ 副词/ 名词/ 动词 + as + 主语 + 谓语）。 e.g. Proud as they are， they are afraid to see me. Child as he is， he seems to know everything.（child前不加冠词）Hard as he worded， he made little progress.Ex：_, hes honest. A. As he is poorB. Poor is heC. Poor as he isD. Poor as is he_, he knows a lot of things. A. A child as he is B. Child as he is C. A child as is he D. Child as is he 11. 用于某些表示祝愿的句子里。e.g. May you succeed！ Long live the Peop
