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1、Unit 19 The Merchant of Venice.Brief Statements Based on the UnitThe Merchant of Venice is the most outstanding “romantic comedy written by William Shakespeare, the greatest British playwright and poet of Renaissance. This play is mainly about the process of a story that Shylock, a cruel and greedy
2、moneylender, is punished by Antonio, a merchant of Venice, with the help of his friendsPortia and Bassanio. The central theme of the play is the triumph of love(between Portia and Bassanio)and friendship(between Antonio and Bassanio)over insatiable greed and brutality(as presented by Shylock).A happ
3、y ending is brought about when Shylock is punished.Here we can see the true progressive significance of The Merchant of Venice and of its author:consistent hatred for the oppressors and sympathy for the oppressed.Meanwhile,it provides us an opportunity to learn some language points as well as revisi
4、ng Direct and Indirect speech.Teaching Goals1.Talk about Shakespeare and his plays.2.Learn to recount detail in conversation.3.Review Direct and Indirect Speech.4.Write a short play.Background Information1.William ShakespeareFor any Englishman,there can never be any discussion as to who is the world
5、s greatest post and dramatist剧作家.Only one name can possibly suggest itself to him,that of William Shakespeare.Every Englishman has some knowledge,however slight,of the work of our greatest writer.All of us use words,phrases and quotations引用语from Shakespeares writings that have become part of the com
6、mon property of English-speaking people.Most of the time we probably dont know the source of the words we use,rather like the old lady who was taken to see a performance of Hamlet and complained that it was full of well-known proverbs and quotations!Shakespeare,more perhaps than any other writer,mad
7、e full use of the great resources of the English language.Most of us use about five thousand words in our normal employment of English;Shakespeare in his works used about twenty-five thousand! There is probably no better way for foreigner to appreciate the richness and variety of the English languag
8、e than by studying the various ways in which Shakespeare uses it.Such a study is well worth the effort,even though some aspects方面of English usage,and the meaning of many words,have changed since Shakespeares Day.It is paradoxical that we should know comparatively little about the life of the greates
9、t English author.We know that Shakespeare was born in 1564 in Stratford-on-Avon,and that he died there in 1616.He almost certainly attended the Grammar School in the town,but of this we cannot be sure.We know he was married there in 1582 to Anne Hathaway and that he had three children,a boy and two
10、girls.We know he spent much of his life in London writing his masterpieces.But this is almost all that we do know.However,what is important about Shakespeares life is not its products,the plays and the poems.For many years scholars have been trying to add a few facts about Shakespeares life to the s
11、mall number we already possess and for an equally long time critics have been theorizing理论化about the plays.Sometimes,indeed,it seems that the the poetry of Shakespeare will disappear beneath the great mass of comment that has been written upon it.Fortunately this is not likely to happen. Shakespeare
12、s poetry and Shakespeares people (Macbeth, Othello, Hamlet, Falstaff and all the others)have long delighted not just the English but lovers of literature文学everywhere, and will continue to do so after the scholars and commentators and all their works have been forgotten.2.HamletThe play Hamlet is con
13、sidered to be the summit of Shakespeares tragedies悲剧.It was written in 16011602 and first published in 1603.The action of the play is laid in medieval中世纪的Denmark.The King suddenly dies.Gertrude,Queen of Denmark,within two months marries the new king,Claudius,brother of her husband.The son of the lat
14、e king,Hamlet,returns from the university,where he has received his education.Heavy is the heart of the young man.The country is in a state of unrest.There is said to be war.He thinks his father was murdered but he does not dare to tell others.One night Hamlet dreams of his father.He talks to his fa
15、ther,who tells his son he has been murdered by his brother Claudius.Hamlet hates the murderer very much and he decides to kill Claudius.The ghost made a sign to Hamletthat he should go with himThe struggle between Hamlet and Claudius is increasing.Claudius pays close attention to Hamlet.Hamlet prete
16、nds to have gone mad.To expose Claudius,Hamlet thinks of a plan:a group of actors are engaged to perform a play which recalls his fathers murder.When Claudius appears deeply affected by the performance and leaves the hall before the play is ended,Hamlet knows he is right.To get rid of Hamlet,Claudius sends off Hamlet to England with his two men,who used to be Hamlets friends and now are ordered to spy on him and kill
