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1、20102015年全国卷中长难句分析准确理解长难句是考生应该掌握的一项阅读技能。遇到长难句，我们要善于分析句子结构，先判断句子的主干部分(主谓宾，或主系表)，而句子的修饰、补充成分，可以先忽略不看。在理解了句子的主干意思后，再理解修饰、补充成分。以下是20102015年全国卷中出现的长难句，如果这些句子的结构你都能理清，这些句子的意思你都能理解，今年高考英语阅读理解就不难了！1. (2015全国新课标阅读理解B篇) Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness deepened when I learned that Bro
2、wns Grove Farmis one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty, a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton, where luckily for me I was planning to have dinner that very night.分析：as引导的是让步状语从句，从句用了倒装结构，表语前置；when引导的是时间状语从句；在时间状语从句中包含了由where引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词restaurant。句意：眼前的西红柿令我欣喜不已，当我听说朗的格鲁夫农场是杰克达斯蒂餐厅的
3、供应商之一时，我更加高兴了。杰克达斯蒂餐厅是萨拉索塔丽思卡尔顿酒店新开张的一家餐厅我感到很幸运那天晚上我计划去那吃晚饭。2. (2015全国新课标阅读理解C篇) The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more.分析：The Pompidou Centr
4、e in Paris is showing its respect and admiration为句子的主干，bringing together .是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰an exhibition。句意：巴黎的蓬皮社中心正在展出200多幅油画、雕塑和素描等作品，以此表达对这位艺术家及其伟大人格的尊敬和钦佩。3. (2015全国新课标阅读理解D篇) If life werent a battle, people wouldnt need a special place just to speak.分析：本句If引导的条件状语从句用了虚拟语气；主句中的just to speak作定语修饰p
5、lace。句意：如果人生不是一场战争，人们也不会需要一个仅仅去说话的特殊场所了。4. (2015全国新课标阅读七选五) But you cant be successful when theres a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.分析：本句中when引导的是时间状语从句；that引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词a lack of trust。此外，句中还包含一个where引导的定语从
6、句，修饰先行词action。句意：但如果一段关系中缺乏信任，过错之人不为错误负责，你也无法获得成功。5. (2015全国新课标阅读理解B篇) Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating, for people are often less self-conscious(难为情) when theyre in poorly lit places and so more likely to eat lots of food.分析：本句中for引导表示原因的分句，分句中less-conscious和后面的so morelikel
7、y to eat lots of food是并列表语，分句中还有一个由when引导的时间状语从句。句意：黑暗环境更容易鼓励过量饮食，因人们在灯光昏暗的地方很少会难为情 所以更可能吃大量食物。6. (2015全国新课标阅读理解C篇) The gap-year phenomenon originated(起源)with the months left over to Oxbridge applicants between entrance exams in November and the start of the next academic year.分析：本句中，句子主干是The gap-ye
8、ar phenomenon originated(起源) with the months，left over to Oxbridge applicants是过去分词短语作后置定语， betweenand是介词短语作定语，修饰的都是the months。句意：间隔年现象起源于牛津大学和剑桥大学申请在11月份入学考试至下一学年开始前空出的那几个月时间。7. (2015全国新课标阅读七选五) No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet, so you have to rely on your
9、experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop.分析：本句是由so连接的两个并列句；which引导的是宾语从句，作say的宾语；as you shop是由as引导的时间状语从句。句意：没人能说哪个品牌最适合你或你穿哪一双脚最舒服，因此在购买时，你不得不根据你的经验和对每一双鞋的感觉。8. (2014全国新课标阅读理解A篇) The challenge invites, even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to create artwork or a piece o
10、f writing that shows their curiosity and how it inspires them to explore their world.分析：that引导定语从句，在定语从句中，their curiosity和how引导的从句并列作show的宾语。句意：这个挑战赛邀请，甚至挑战5到14岁的在校生创作艺术品或写一篇文章，来展示他们的好奇心，并告诉我们它如何激发他们去探索自我世界。9. (2014全国新课标阅读理解B篇) It was calculated that when its population reached its highest point, th
11、ere were more than 3 billion passenger pigeons a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States, making it perhaps the most abundant birds in the world.分析：本句在“It be+过去分词+that从句”结构；从句中含有when引导的时间状语从句；3 billion passenger pigeons和 a number equal是同位关系。此外，还有一个现在分词短语“ma
12、king”作结果状语。句意：据统计，当旅鸽数量达到最多时，曾超过了30亿只，这个数量相当于美国鸟类总数的24%-40%，使旅鸽成为世界上数量最为庞大的鸟类。10. (2014全国新课标阅读理解C篇) This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is best , the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information
13、 .分析：本句中because引导的是原因状语从句，从句中while引导的是时间状语从句；此外，which引导宾语从句，作about的宾语；who引导宾语从句，修饰先行词people。句意：这让我陷入无休无止的烦恼之中，因为当所有的专家们都在忙着辩论哪个选择最好时，那些想改善自己生活的人们却被所有这些矛盾的信息弄得困惑不堪。11. (2014全国新课标阅读七选五) By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.分析：that引导的是定语从句，修饰先
14、行词skills；从句中还含有一个no matter what引导的状语从句。句意：不管未来如何变化，帮助他们开发经典的技能会对他们大有帮助的。12. (2014全国新课标阅读理解A篇) He reported the case to the police and then sat there, lost and lonely in a strange city, thinking of the terrible troubles of getting all the paperwork organized again from a distant country while trying t
15、o settle down in a new one分析：句子的主干是He reported the case to the police and then sat there，lost and lonely in strange city在此处为形容词短语，作补语，用来补充形容主语he当时的心情。thinking of为现在分词短语作状语，在现在分词短语中，organized为过去分词作get的宾补，from a distant country为介词短语作状语。此外，while trying to settle down in a new one为时间状语。句意：他向警方报了案，然后失落孤独
16、地坐在一个陌生的城市里，想着要在一个遥远的国家把所有的材料重新整理是多么的麻烦，而同时他还要试着在一个新的国家安顿下来。13. (2014全国新课标阅读七选五) The moments when I think cooking is a pain are when Im already hungry and theres nothing ready to eat .分析：第一个when引导定语从句，修饰先行词moment，“cooking”为宾语从句，作think的宾语；后面的when引导的从句由and连接的两个并列句构成，作句子的表语。句意：当我已经饿了却没有准备好可以吃的东西的时候，我认为做饭是一种痛苦。14. (2013全国新课标C篇) However, he th
