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1、冠词(The Article)冠词是一种虚词，它没有词义，本身不能独立使用，只能用在名词的前面帮助说明名词的含义。冠词分为不定冠词（the Indefinite Article）和定冠词（the Definite Article）不定冠词有a和an两种形式，其中a 一般读作/d/,在特别强调或单读时，读作/ei/,用在以辅音（指音不 指辅音字母）开头的词前；an 一般读作/dn/，在特别强调或单读时，读作/切/,用在以元音（指音不指元 音字母）开头的词前；不定冠词a和an与数词one同源，是“一个”的意思，和可数名词单数连用，表 示某类人或东西中的一个。女口： an hour, an Engl
2、ish car.请区别：a useful machine不能是an useful machine， u是元音字母，但发音/ju:/, /j/是辅音。定冠词是the，它在辅音（指音不指辅音字母）前读作/d/,在元音前读作/i/；定冠词与指示代词this, that 同源，有“这个或那个”的意思，但语气较弱，和一个名词连用，表示某个或某些特定的人或事物。不定冠词 不定冠词的用法： 1.用于可数名词的单数形式之前，指人或事物的某一类。如： She is a girl. Pass me an orange, please.2 .指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人何物。如： A boy is looking
3、 for you. He works on a farm.3. 表示“每一”的概念。如： We work five days a week.4. 表示“一”的概念，但数的概念没有 one 强烈。如：I have a mouth, a nose, two eyes and two ears.5. 用于某些固定的词组中。如：a few, a little, a lot of等。定冠词 定冠词的用法：1. 特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。如： the photo of the boy, The book on the desk is mine.2. 指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。如： A: Where
4、are the books, Jim? B: The are one the small table.3. 指上文提到过的人或物。如： Today he is making a machine. He wants to ride the machine like a bike and fly it like a plane.4. 用在世界上独一无二的事物前。如： the sun,the moon,the earth5. 用在序数词、形容词最高级和only所修饰的名词前面。如： The first truck is carrying a few baskets.The third one is
5、carrying the fewest of all.He is the only person who knows the secret.6. 用在表示方位的名词前。如:the south, the left等。7. 在复数姓氏前加the，表示一家人或夫妇二人，常看成复数。如： The Browns are going to Shanghai for a holiday this summer.8. 用在含有普通名词构成的专有名词的前面。如： the Great Wall, the Peoples Republic of China, the United Nations 等9. 用在江河、
6、海洋、山脉、湖吧、湖泊、群岛的名称的前面。如： the Changjiang River, the Black sea 等。10. 用在乐器的前面。如：play the piano, play the violin 等11. 和某些形容词连用，表示一类人或事物。如： the poor, the rich, the old, the young, the beautiful 等。12. 用在一些习惯用语中。如： in the morning（afternoon, evening）, by the way, in the middle of, in the end, the day before
7、yesterday 等。 零冠词名词前不用冠词的情况即零冠词：1. 在专有名词和不可数名词前不用冠词。如：China, Grade Two, Bill Smith, milk2. 名词前已有 this, that, my, your, some, any 等代词作定语时，不用冠词。女口： The letter is in her bag. Come this way, please. I have some questions.3. 复数名词表示一类人或事物时不用冠词。如： My father and mother are teachers. I like cakes.4. 在节日、星期、月份
8、、季节、年等词前不用冠词。如： in summer, in August, Its Sunday today. June1 is Children s Day. It s cold in winter.（在民间节日前面，即以Festival组成的节日名称的前面要用定冠 词 the。如：the Spring Festival）请区别：in the spring of 1945.（这里表示特指，故加 the）5. 一日三餐和球类运动的名称不用冠词。如： have breakfast ,play football6. 在家庭成员的名称、称呼语或表示头衔的名词前面不用冠词。如： Uncle Wang
9、works in a factory. What colour are Mr Green s shoes?7. 一些固定词组中不用冠词。如： go to bed ,go to school, by bus ,at night. 在有些词组中，有冠词和无冠词意思不同。请注意区别：in front of （在前面）和in the front of （在范围内的前部）in the hospital （在医院里）和in hospital （生 病住院）Theres an 800-metre-long road behind the hospital.PractiseEnglish film yeste
10、rday.A. the_ “h” in the word “horse”. A. the “x” in the word “excellent”.A. theA. theA. the1.I saw _2. There is3. You have missed4. There are sixty minutes in hour.5. You have kind uncle, havent you?6. Whats her father? He is doctor.B. aB. aA. theB. aB. aC. anC. anB. aB. aC. anC. anC. anD. /D. /C. a
11、nD. /D. /D. /D. /flower on the table?A.a7. Is there8. Mary has orange coat. coat looks old.9. The teacher said to Li Lei, “Be careful, you missed _A. the; the B. a; a C. an; a D. a; theB. anA. a; A _ “f” inC. some D. anyB. a; The C. an; The_ word “different”.”D. the; Anarmy.10. As soon as town was l
12、iberated, my father joinedA. the; the B. the; anC. a; an D. a; the11. apple day, it is said, keep the doctor away. A. An; an B. A; a C. An; a D. A; an12. My friends had supper at the Marys and they liked dinner very much.A. the; / B. /; the C. a; the D. the; a13. Great Wall is longest wall in the wo
13、rld. A. A; a B. The; the C. A; the D. The; a14. moon moves around earth.A. /; the B. A;/ C. The; a D. The; the15. The girl is sister. She plays basketball quite well.A. Joan; a B. Joans; the C. Joans; / D. Joan; /16. Jacks father is doctor.A. someB. aC. anD. /17. There is apple on the table. apple i
14、s Toms.A. an; theB. a; an C. an; The D. the; The18. old lady is artist.A. an; an19. “Are you still riding your bike?”“Yes, because I havent got money for car.”B. The; aC. The; an D. An; theA. The; / B. the; theC. /; / D. the; a20. Tom is very honest and brave.A. the B. aC. anD. /21. It takes me half
15、 hour to go to school every day.A. the B. aC. anD. /22. Arab was walking along through desert when he saw two men.A. The; / B. An; the C. /; the D. The; a23. Tom got “A” at the English exam yesterday. A. theB. a24. The pictures have been on show for hour and half.A. an; anB. a; aC. an; a D. a; anC. an D. /“u”, “s” and “e” in “use”. A. an; an; an B. a; an; a C. a; an; an D. an; a; an26. Jim is honest boy, so all of us like him.A. theB. a27. There are four
