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1、Research on Tan Qiao andBook HuaA Thesis Submitted to Chongqing Universityin Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for theMasters Degree of LiteratureByXiang LuoSupervised by Prof. Wenhe JiaSpecialty：Ancient LiteratureCollege of Institute for Advanced Studies In Humanities andSocial Sciences Chongq
2、ing University , Chongqing, ChinaApril,2014重庆大学硕士学位论文摘要中文摘要谭峭是五代时期重要的道家学派的代表人物，他的化书是唐末五代时期道家学派的重要典籍，在成书不久即被收入道藏。化书共分为道化、术化、德化、仁化、食化、俭化六个部分。全书以“化”为纲，统领全篇。化书全文以议论为主，运用举例类比论证的手法来阐述当时的道家理论。谭峭哲学思想糅合了汉唐以来的佛道思想，后世出入佛道的理学家们从不同方面吸取和发扬了谭峭的道家思想。唐末五代十国时期，由于有唐一朝服丹伤身致命的人过多的原因，加之当时社会的战乱和士人的遁世思想的影响，道教由唐朝的炼丹长生开始转向对人
3、的自身和社会治乱的观照，而正是这种转变，改变了至汉代炼丹术兴起以来人们对丹药的迷信崇拜。化书主张内丹为主外丹为辅的修道方式，书中一方面大势宣扬内丹“存气、留虚”的重要性，另一方面对外丹的不合理现象进行了激烈的批评。化书在宣传修道的同时还积极的探寻了社会战乱的缘由。化书的这种由外丹学向内丹学的修道方式的转变，进而探讨社会问题，体现了当时的知识分子对社会时局的关心，同时也推动了道教理论的发展和完善。化书的前两章是道化、术化篇，主要讲叙道家的哲学思想以及内丹学思想，阐述了谭峭“虚化万物，化化不间”的世界观。第三、四章的德化、仁化篇，主要论述了谭峭的政治理想。第五、六章的俭化、食化篇，主要论述了谭峭具
4、体的治国策略。虽然化书很早被列为道家经典而被收入道藏，但是由于其理论为道家思想不被崇尚儒学的学者所重视，加之其文简约古奥，历来学者对其关注和研究的人并却不是很多。迄今为止，只有一部分学者分别就化书内容的某一方面，如哲学方面、美学方面、文学方面、政治学方面、科学思想方面做些零散的研究，尚没有人对化书内容作过综合全面的系统性研究。本文拟在前人的研究基础上，尝试对化书做一个综合性的系统研究。本文初步分为绪论、正文、结语三部分。 绪论综合概述化书在哲学、科学、美学以及道教思想史上的重要研究价值，简述化书的研究现状以及本文的写作意义。正文部分，首先对化书内容及版本、作者作简单的梳理探究；其次集中研究化书
5、“虚化万物、化化不间”的哲学思想、俭约均食、与民同乐的社会学思想，声气相导、形神合一的内丹学思想，准确先进的科学思想，求真尚朴的美学思想，文简意深的文学艺术手法等。结束语部分总结本文写作的主要内容以及本文的研究意义和写作价值。关键词：化书，谭峭，道教I重庆大学硕士学位论文英文摘要ABSTRACTTan Qiao is one of the famous Taoist priest in Tang Dynasty who write Book Hua .This book is one of the important classics of Taoist school of thought d
6、uring the periodof Wudai dynasties.There are six parts of the book,Taohua,Shuhua,Dehua, Benevolence,Food, Thrifty. The book using the analogy methods, elaborates the Taoist thought.Tan Qiaos philosophy blends into the buddhist thought. Han and Tang dynastieslater in the Buddhas path of neo-confucian
7、ism learned and developed Tans forms fromdifferent aspects of thinking. Tang, Five dynasties and Ten states period with a robe Dantang injury body fatal reason, combined with the social conflict and scholars hermitthought, the influence of Taoism of the tang dynasty, an immortality is turning to the
8、people themselves and society as the view of governing revolution, and it is this shift,changing the alchemy to Han dynasty since the rise of peoples superstitious worship toDan medicine.Within the book argues that supplemented the Dan way of cultivation, onthe one hand in the book trend to promote
9、internal Dan save gas, virtual theimportance of foreign Dans unreasonable phenomena on the other hand the fiercecriticism. The book in the propaganda order also actively explore the reason of thesocial conflict. The book by Dan study inward Dan to learn the change of way ofcultivation, and then disc
10、usses the social problems, reflected the mood of theintellectuals at that time the social concern, but also promoted the development andperfection of the Taoist theory.The former of the two chapters in the book is Tao hua and Shu hua which is mainlyabout the Taoist philosophy and Dan learning though
11、t, this paper expounds the tanmountains along with everything, not between view of the world. The third and fourthchapters of De hua, Benevolence which is mainly discusses the political ideal of tanmountains. The fifth and sixth chapters of thrifty, food technology articles which isdiscusses the tan
12、 specific rule of ideal forms. Although the book is listed as early Taoistclassics by revenue collected Taoist scriptures, but there were not many scholars havebeen done research for it. So far, only some scholars as the book of philosophy,aesthetics, literature, political science, scientific thinki
13、ng to do piecemeal research, therewas no person has done a comprehensive systematic study content of this book. Thispaper on the basis of predecessors research, trying to book hua to do a comprehensivesystem of research.II重庆大学硕士学位论文英文摘要There are three parts of the book.They are research status of th
14、e book ,the mainbody parts and the significance of writing in this paper. The first of the book content is asimple version, the author explore.Then we focused on the book between falsified allthings, not of philosophy, frugal all food, and people in the pleasure of sociologythought, voice guide, apt
15、 in Dan learning ideas, accurate advanced scientific thought,seeking ShangPiao aesthetic thoughts, profound literary and artistic technique, etc. Theconclusion part summarizes the main content of this article and the significance of thisresearch and the writings value of this article.Key words: Book Hua, Tan Qiao, Taoism
