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1、英语四级段落翻译常用词汇及翻译实践A.中国经济词汇：总需求 aggregate demand总供应 aggregate supply 企业文化corporate/entrepreneurial culture 企业形象 corporate image (CI); enterprise image 跨国企业 cross-national corporation 创业精神 enterprising spirit; pioneering spirit 外资企业 foreign-funded enterprise猎头企业head-hunter 假日经济 holiday economy 人力资本huma
2、n capital 航空和航天工业aerospace industry 飞机制造工业aircraft industry 电子工业 electronic industry 汽车制造工业 car industry 娱乐业 entertainment industry 信息产业 information industry 知识密集型产业 knowledge-intensive industry 国有大中型企业 large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises 轻工业 light industry 博彩业 lottery industry 制造业 manufa
3、cturing industry 垄断行业 monopoly industries 市场多元化 market diversification 市场经济 market economy 市场监管 market supervision 购置力 purchasing power 熊市 bear market 牛市 bull market 城镇化 urbanization 房地产 real estate 首付 down-payment 业主 home owner 个人购房贷款 individual housing loan 经济全球化 economic globalization 经济特区 specia
4、l economic zones (SEZ)经济增长 economic growth 泡沫经济 bubble economy 关税tariff纳税人tax payer 宏观经济macro economy 货币投放量 the size of money supply 流动性过剩excess liquidity 经济过热 overheated economy 通货膨胀inflation 克制通货膨胀curb inflation 注入流动性 to inject liquidity 贴现率 discount rate存款准备金率 reserve requirement ratio (RRR)公开市场业
5、务 open market operation (OMO)逆回购 reverse repurchase agreement; reverse repo 引导减少市场借贷成本to guide the market borrowing costs to a lower level 稳健旳货币政策prudent monetary policy 微调货币政策 to fine-tune monetary policy硬着陆 hard landing 软着陆 soft landing 二十国集团 Group of Twenty (G2O)财政部长 Finance Minister整年预期经济增长目旳the
6、 expected growth target for the whole year 经济活力 economic vitality大规模经济刺激计划 a massive economic stimulus package 构造改革 structural reform硬资产 hard assets 软资产 soft assets 有形资产 tangible assets 经济走廊 economic corridor 整顿市场秩序 to rectify the market order 反垄断 antitrust; anti-monopoly 定价浮动 price fluctuations 寻求利
7、益最大化 to maximize profit 债务审计audit of debt地方性政府债务 local government debt/liability 公共财政体制改革 an overhaul of the public finance system债务管理 debt management 信用支持 credit supportB.中国社会词汇：多元文化论 cultural pluralism 文化适应 acculturation 社会保障 social security 班车 shuttle bus相定迁户 a relocated unit or household 大龄青年 si
8、ngle youth above the normal matrimonial age独生子女 the only child in a family 单亲 single parent 福利彩票 welfare lotteries 家政服务 household management service 民工 migrant laborers 名人 celebrity农村剩余劳动力 surplus rural labor/laborers 青春期 puberty全民健身运动 nationwide fitness campaign 全国人口普查 nationwide census 社会保险 social
9、 insurance 暂住证 temporary residence permit/card 青少年犯罪 juvenile delinquency 性骚扰 sexual harassment 走私 smuggling性别歧视gender/sexual discrimination 年龄歧视 age discrimination 工作歧视 job discrimination 享乐主义hedonism 文盲 illiteracy贫富分化 disparity between the rich and the poor 盗版 pirated/illegal copies 一国两制 One Count
10、ry, Two Systems 三个代表 the Three Represents Theory 两会（人大、政协）Two Conferences (NPC and CPPCC)南南合作 South-South Cooperation南北对话 North-South Dialog人大常委会 Peoples Congress Standing Committee法制观念 awareness of law法制国家 a country with an adequate legal system改革开放 reform and opening-up公务员 civil servants官僚主义作风 the
11、 bureaucratic style of work 友好并存 harmonious coexistence 计划生育 family planning计划生育基本国策 the basic state policy of family planning精神文明建设 the construction of spiritual civilization 居委会 neighborhood committee科教兴国 national rejuvenation through science and education 可持续发展 sustainable development 廉洁高效 honest
12、y and high efficiency 两岸关系 cross-straits relations 两岸谈判 cross-straits negotiations 领土完整 territorial integrity 民族精神 national spirit 普选制 general election system求同存异 seek common ground while shelving differences 人大代表NPC member物质文明和精神文明 material and spiritual civilization小康社会 a well-off society小康水平 a we
13、ll-off standard一种中国原则 the one-China principle与时俱进 keep pace with the times综合国力 overall national strength共同愿望common desire“走出去”（战略）going global不结盟 non-alignment单边主义 unilateralism多边政策 multilateralism多极世界 multipolar world人口老龄化 aging of population人口出生率birth rate小区月服务 community service道德法庭 court of ethic
14、s盗用公款embezzlement成人夜校 night school for adults在职进修班 on-job training courses政治思想教育 political and ideological education毕业生分酉己 graduate placement; assignment of graduate充电 update ones knowledge初等教育 elementary education大学城 college town大学小区 college community高等教育 higher education高等教育“211工程” the “211 Project” for higher education高等学府 institution of higher education综合性大学 comprehensive university文科院校 colleges of (liberal) arts理工科大学 college / university of science an
