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1、由从句担任的状语，在句子中可修饰谓语（或其它动词）、形容词、副词或是整个句子，它可以用来表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。状语从句是一较大的语法项目，也是近几年高考题中常见的一个重要试点。高考中已考查了时间、让步、地点、条件、目的等状语从句，这些从句仍是今后高考热点，应作充分准备。同时对方式状语从句也应引起重视。状语从句按其意义和作用可分为:1.时间状语从2.地点状语从句3.原因状语从句4.目的状语从句 5.结果状语从句6.条件状语从句7.方式状语从句8.比较状语从句 9.让步状语从句1、时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的从属连词有：when, while, as, wh
2、enever, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as, once, scarcely/hardlywhen, no soonerthan等引导。注意：（1）when, as, while 即可引导持续性动作，又可引导短暂性动作。它可以表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，或从句的动作发生在主句动作之前。如：句型：was/were doing sb. didwas / were about to do sb. didwas/were on the point of doing sb. didhad (not) done sb. did(2) 引
3、导持续性动作，侧重主句和从句的动作同时发生。也可表示“随着”，但要注意与with的区别： 是连词接句子。with 是介词，接词或词组。l the day went on, the weather got even cold.(从句，故用谓语动词）l the day going on, the weather got even cold.(介词，故用非谓语(3) ：指的是“在某一时间里”， “在期间”，从句里的动作必须是持续性的，它也强调主句和从句动作的同时发生，往往侧重主句和从句动作的对比。 也可做并列连词，表示对照的含义，意思为“然而”。如：He is tall his brother is
4、 short.(4)before 的句型：l It wont be long(或加时间) before sb. does sth. 不用多久某人就会l It will be long(或加时间) before sb. does 要过很久某人才会l It was long before sb. did sth. 过很久某人才做l It will be + 一段时间+ before sb. does 某人要过多长时间才做l It was +一段时间 + before sb. did sth. 某人过了多长时间才做 (5) by the time, each time, every time, 一就
5、： 都可以作为连词，引导时间状语。其中：l by the time+现在时，主句用 例如：l By the time he arrives, we California.l by the time+一般过去时，主句用过去完成时例如：l By the time he arrived, we California. (6) till和until如果主句谓语动词是持续动词，通常用肯定式的主句，表示“直到为止”。如： I worked till (until) he came back. 如果主句谓语动词是瞬间动词，则用否定式的主句表示“直到才，如：I didnt go to bed until (t
6、ill) he came back. 注意：Not until his mother called did he get up.(不倒装为e didnt get up until his mother called.)l It was not until his mother called that he got up. (not until的强调结构为it is/was not untilthat)(7) 用no sooner than 和 hardlywhen 引导的从句表示“刚就”，主句中的动词一般用过去完成时，从句用过去时若把no sooner, hardly 提到句首，主句倒装l H
7、e had no sooner got to the lab than he set out to do the experiment.l 该句倒装为：l No sooner had he got to the lab than he set out to do the experiment.（8）时间状语从句中谓语动词 不能用任何一种将来时， 只能用现在时和过去时表 示将来时。2、地点状语从句通常由连词 和 等引导。注意：不要和where引导的定语从句相混淆例如：l We shall go where working conditions are difficult. （ 从句）l We s
8、hall go to the place where working conditions are difficult.( 从句)3、原因状语从句通常由连词： ， ， ， 引导。（1）because：表示“因为”，直接而明确的原因和理由，语气最强，why提问的句子，一般都用becaue回答。注意： 在强调句中强调原因状语从句， 只能用because引导，不可用as或since，如：It was because he was ill that he didnt go with us. because可以引导表语从句，而as, since不可以，但仅用于以下句型:This/That/It is b
9、ecause （2）since：表示“既然”，语气比because弱。（3）as：表示“因为”语气比because轻，引导从句可放主句前也可放主句后。（4）now（that）意思与since相似，表示“既然”。另有seeing that (既然) 和 in that (因为) （5）for也表示“因为”，但是并列连词，它连接的不是状语从句，语气比较强。For引导从句不说明主句发生的直接原因，只是提供一些补充说明，且不位于句首 4、目的状语从句通常由that, so that, in order that, sothat, (以免，以防） ， ， 等引导。目的状语从句中谓语动词常含有may (m
10、ight), can (could) should, will等情态动词。lest ，in case, for fear that后面常用 语气，也就是说其引导的状语从句常用“(should) + 动词原形”。例如：I hid the book lest (=for fear that) he should see it.5、结果状语从句由that, so that, sothat, suchthat引导。注意：so that 既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句，其区别在于：引导结果状语从句时通常用逗号同主句分开l He made a wrong decision, so that h
11、alf of his lifetime was wasted.(结果状语从句) l They started early so that they might arrive in time.(目的状语从句)6、条件状语从句由 if, unless, as long as (=so long as) (只要), in case (that) (如果，万一),suppose (that), supposing (that), given (that) (在的情况下,假定),granted that (就算),on condition that, provided that, providing t
12、hat等引导。注意：条件状语从句中的谓语动词的时态不可用将来时，只能用现在时态或过去时态表示将来时。7、方式状语从句由连词： ， ， 引导The teacher told the students to do as he did.He heard a noise, as if someone was breathing.*as if和as though意义和用法大致一样，引导的从句多用虚拟语气，但也可用陈述语气。He treats me as if I were his own son.He walked as if he were drunk. 8、比较状语从句由连词asas, not so
13、(as) as, than等引导。注意：“the+比较级(接从句)，the+比较级(接主句)，这一句型也归在比较状语从句内。如： The more you study, the more you know.The harder we work, the happier we feel.注意:以下as用于表示比较的结构A is to B as C is to D.= A is to B what C is to D. =As C is to D, so A is to B.9、让步状语从句:由though, although, as (虽然尽管), even if, even though, w
14、h-ever, no matter-wh, whetheror(无论是还是),引导.whatever= no matter what whoever= no matter who whichever= no matter whichwhenever= no matter when wherever= no matter where however= no matter how*whatever/whoever/whichever/既可引导让步状语从句(=no matter what/who/which), 又可引导名词性从句(=anything that/ anyone who/ anyone that)如：What
