《2022年教育部考试中心考研英语模拟试题阅读理解8.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年教育部考试中心考研英语模拟试题阅读理解8.docx（7页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、 2022教育部考试中心考研英语模拟试题阅读理解8-阅读理解局部汇编八、现代人对维多利亚时代的看法One of the silliest things in our recent history was the use of “Victorian” as a term of contempt or abuse. It had been made fashionable by Lytton Strachey with his clever, superficial and ultimately empty book Eminent Victorians, in which he damned w
2、ith faint praise such Victorian heroes as General Gordon and Florence Nightingale. Stracheys demolition job was clever because it ridiculed the Victorians for exactly those qualities on which they prided themselvestheir high mindedness, their marked moral intensity, their desire to improve the human
3、 condition and their confidence that they had done so.Yet one saw, even before the 100th anniversary of the death of Queen Victoria this year, that there were signs these sneering attitudes were beginning to change. Programmes on radio and television about Victoria and the age that was named after h
4、er managed to humble themselves only about half the time. People were beginning to realize that there was something heroic about that epoch and, perhaps, to fear that the Victorian age was the last age of greatness for this country.Now a new book, What The Victorians Did For Us, aims further to redr
5、ess the balance and remind us that, in most essentials, our own age is really an extension of what the Victorians created. You can start with the list of Victorian inventions. They were great lovers of gadgets from the smallest domestic ones to new ways of propelling ships throughout the far-flung E
6、mpire. In medicine, anaesthesia (developed both here and in America) allowed surgeons much greater time in which to operateand hence to work on the inner organs of the bodynot to mention reducing the level of pain and fear of patients.To the Victorians we also owe lawn tennis, a nationwide football
7、association under the modern rules, powered funfair rides, and theatres offering mass entertainment. And, of course, the modern seaside is almost entirely a Victorian invention. There is, of course, a darker side to the Victorian period. Everyone knows about it mostly because the Victorians catalogu
8、ed it themselves. Henry Mayhews wonderful set of volumes on the lives of the London poor, and official reports on prostitution, on the workhouses and on child labourreports and their statistics that were used by Marx when he wrote Das Kapitaltestify to the social conscience that was at the center of
9、 “Victorian values”.But now, surely, we can appreciate the Victorian achievement for what it wasthe creation of the modern world. And when we compare the age of Tennyson and Darwin, of John Henry Newman and Carlyle, with our own, the only sensible reaction is one of humility: “We are our fathers sha
10、dows cast at noon”.1.According to the author, Lytton Stracheys book Eminent Victorians _.A accurately described the qualities of the people of the ageB superficially praised the heroic deeds of the VictoriansC was highly critical of the contemporary people and institutionsD was guilty of spreading p
11、rejudices against the Victorians2. The change in the attidues towards the Vcitorians is revealed in the fact that _.A the 100th anniversary of the death of Queen Victoria is celebratedB the media publicizes events or people about the Victorian ageC people begin to highly praise Victorian heroesD a n
12、ew book regards Victorians as creators of the modern world3. What is the meaning of the word “gadgets” (Paragraph 4)?A devices B tools C appliances D engines4. According to the text, the Victorians invented _.A surgery B seaside holiday C funfair D mass entertainment5. The author talks about the dar
13、ker side of the Victorian period to _.A disclose the social injustices and evilsB give proof to Karl Marxs Das KapitalC manifest the Victorians good sense of right and wrongD show the ages strengths outweigh its weaknesses答案:1.D 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.C核心词汇与超纲词汇(1)damn sb./sth. with faint praise名褒实贬，用冷漠的赞扬贬低
14、，如She damned Reynolds with faint praise, calling him one of the best imitators in the world.(2)demolition(n.)破坏，毁坏(3)sneer(n./v.)冷笑，嘲笑，称赞(4)epoch(n.)新纪元，时代，时期(5)redress(v)订正，矫正;重新穿衣，重新调整(6)essential(a.)本质的，根本的;必不行少的;精华的(n.)根本必要的东西;本质，实质要素，要点(7)far-flung(a.)扩散的，广泛的，广泛传播的，宽阔的(8)anaesthesia(n.)感觉缺乏，麻木，
15、麻醉(法);esthe词根表示“感觉”，如esthetic感觉的(9)catalogue(n.)名目;一连串(糟糕)事，如a of disasters接二连三的灾难(v.)列入名目;记载，登记(某人某事的详情)(10)testify(v.)(出庭)作证;证明，证明; to sth.作为某事的证明，说明，如The film testifies to the courage of ordinary people during the war(这部电影说明老百姓在战斗时期的勇敢行为)(11)humility(n.)谦卑恭，逊，pl. 谦让的行为全文翻译我们近代历最愚蠢的事之一就是把“Victorian”作为鄙视和漫骂的名称。而使这一说法得以流传开来的是莱顿斯传策斯那本言辞奇妙但浅薄空洞的维多利亚时代的俊杰，在这本书中他挖苦了如戈登将军和弗洛伦斯南丁格尔这样的维多利亚时代的英雄。斯传策斯破坏性的工作是奇妙的，由于它称赞的正是维多利亚人引以骄傲的品质：清高、特殊的道德强度、想改善人类条件的愿望以及他们认为自己已经做到了的信念。然而，即使是今年维多利亚女王逝世一百周年
