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1、自学考试英语(二)各个题型应试技巧词形变化( Word Form )应试技巧1.熟练掌握动词词形变化规律。注意：动词形式既包括谓语动词的各种形式，如时态、语态及语气(直陈、虚拟)等，虚拟语气为重点，几年来的考题中都有这方面内容;也包括非谓语动词的各种形式。所以做动词的词形变化时，首先要搞清楚它在句中是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，然后再作相应的变化。2.认真学好并熟悉课文。本题所选用的句子是根据教材中出现的句子编写的，其中多数来自课文，所以熟悉教材十分重要。3.认真钻研相关的语法讲解。主要指谓语动词、非谓语动词、形容词、副词比较等级、情态动词、虚拟语气形容词比较级、最高级，等部分。动词：动词是考试的
2、重点。主要包括：动词的时态、语态、语气和非谓语动词。1)动词的时态：重点是动词的过去时、完成时。So far， Irving _(live) in New York City for ten years. has livedMany a writer of newspaper articles_(trun) to writing novels during the past decade. has turnedSome people think relations between people _(deteriorate) so much that understanding and frie
3、ndship are almost impossible . have deterioratedNearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what _(happen) to her.had happenedIn the past two decades， research _(expand) our knowledge about sleep and dreams . has expanded2)动词的语态：主要掌握各个时态的被动式。The nations that _actively _(involve) in eart
4、hquake prediction programs include Japan， Russia， and the United States. are involvedThere _(estimate) to be more than 20，000 overseas domestic servants working in Brtain in 1995. were estimated3)动词的语气：A.掌握非真实条件句中，谓语动词在主句和条件句中的虚拟语气形式。If you had come earlier， you _ (not miss) the first act of the pla
5、y.would not have missedIf it hadnt been for your help， we _(be) in real trouble.would have beenB.在表示建议、命令、要求以及表示“重要性”和“紧迫性”等含义的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中，谓语动词常用虚拟语气，由“动词原形”或“should + 动词原形”构成。 should 常常省略I would recommend that you _(think) about doing something similar for yourself. (should) thinkIt was i
6、mperative that students _(finish) their papers before July 1st.(should) finishC.动词wish 、would rather (sooner)、if only、as if 后的虚拟语气。I would rather he _(buy) the house next year.bought ( 表示从句中动作尚未发生)She treats me as if I _ (be) a stranger. wereThe manager told us to be friendly to the visitors as if w
7、e _( meet) them before.had metIf only we _(have) a phone! Im tired of waiting outside the public phone box.D.in case ， for fear that ， lest 等词后从句的谓语动词为(should) + 原形。He took his umbrella with him lest it _ (rain.)(should) rainE.在It is (high) time that 从句中谓语动词一般用过去时动词。Its high time that we _(take) fir
8、m measures to protect our environment. TookF.时间错综条件句，动词的形式要根据表示的时间调整。如果我们早动身，现在就不会在雨中走了。If we had set out earlier，we wouldnt be walking in the rain.(从句中动作发生在过去，主句中动作发生在现在。)4)动词的非谓语动词形式：A.动词不定式：主要考查动词不定式作定语、宾语、宾语或主语补足语等的用法。还要注意动词不定式的被动式与完成式。不定式作定语：If there is no choice， there is no decision _(make) t
9、o be made不定式作宾语： Robots ， already taking over human tasks in the automotive field， are beginning _(see) . to be seen不定式作宾补 I notice him _( leave ) the classroom. leave (可省略to)不定式作主补：They were often compelled _(work) twelve or fourteen hours a day.to work( 不可省略to)We make them (to) work day and night.
10、 不定式作宾语补语，在有些动词后可以省略TOThey are made to work day and night. 不定式作主语补语时，不可省略TOB.分词：主要考查分词作定语、状语、宾语补足语的用法。注意现在分词与过去分词的区别。 另外，还有现在分词的被动式与完成式的形式。分词作定语：Anyone _(want) to understand the industry of the future will have to know about robotics. wantingAs research techniques become more advanced， the number of
11、 animals _(use) in experiments may decrease. used分词作状语： When _(present) with a common case， sales managers tend to see sales problems and production managers see production problems. presented_ (tell) that some guests were coming ， she shopped all morning in the supermarket. Having been toldHer body
12、， with hands and feet _(bind) ， was discovered by a traveler early in the morning. bound分词做宾补： They may have their passports _(remove) ， making leaving or “escaping” actually impossible. removed动名词作宾语：If you cannot understand ， ask： “ Would you mind _(rephrase) the question ， please ?” rephrasingIf
13、we dont start out now， we must risk _(miss) the train.missing形容词副词：The more time you waste， the _(easy) it is to continue wasting time.easierAs Jane was the _(old) ， she looked after the other children in the family. eldest词性转换：The explorers were puzzled over what to do next because they were in a _(trick)situation .trick是名词或动词，应把它变为形容词trickyThese electric appliances are all similar in construction but each one is _(specialize) in its function.specialize 是动词，应把它变为形容词 specific或 special
