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1、2018考研英语（二）真题及参考答案（完整版）Section Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful? Because humans have
2、an inherent need to 1 uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is strong that people will 2 to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will 3 .In a series of experiments, behavioral scientists at the University
3、 of Chicago and the Wisconsin school of Business tested students willingness to 4 themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one 5 , each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist? Half of the pens would 6
4、 an electric shock when clicked.Twenty-seven students were told with pens were electrified; another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified. 7 left alone in the room. The students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students
5、 who knew that would 8 . Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect with other stimuli, 9 the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects.The drive to 10 is deeply rooted in humans, much the same as the basic drives for 11 or shelter, says Christopher Hsee of the Un
6、iversity of Chicago. Curiosity is often considered a good instinctit can 12 new scientific advances, for instancebut sometimes such 13 can backfire. The insight that curiosity can drive you to do 14 things is a profound one.Unhealthycuriosity is possible to 15 , however. In a final experiment, parti
7、cipants who were encouraged to 16 how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to 17 to see such an image. These results suggest that imagining the 18 of following through on ones curiosity ahead of time can help determine 19 it is worth the endeavor. Thinking about long-
8、term 20 is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity,”Hsee says. In other words, dont read online comments.B.protectC.discussD.resolveB.seekC.waitD.regretB.lastC.hurtD.misleadB.exposeC.tieD.treat5.A.trialB.messageC.reviewD.conceptB.deliverC.weakenD.interruptB.IfC.WhenD.ThoughB.conti
9、nueC.disappearD.happen9.A.such asB.rather thanC.regardless ofD.owing toB.forgiveC.discoverD.forgetB.foodC.marriageD.schooling12.A.begin withB.rest onC.lead toD.learn from13.A.inquiryB.withdrawalC.persistenceD.diligenceB.self-reliantC.self-evidentD.self-destructiveB.defineC.replaceD.resistB.overlookC
10、.designD.predict17.A.chooseB.rememberC.promiseD.pretendB.outcomeC.planD.dutyB.whyC.whereD.whetherB.investmentsC.consequencesD.strategiesSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B, C or D. Mark your answers on t
11、he ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1It is curious that Stephen Koziatek feels almost as though he has to justify his efforts to give his students a better future.Mr. Koziatek is part of something pioneering. He is a teacher at a New Hampshire high school where learning is not something of books and te
12、sts and mechanical memorization, but practical. When did it become accepted wisdom that students should be able to name the 13th president of the United States but be utterly overwhelmed by a broken bike Chain?As Koziatek know, there is learning in just about everything. Nothing is necessarily gaine
13、d by forcing students to learn geometry at a graffitied desk stuck with generations of discarded chewing gum. They can also learn geometry by assembling a bicycle.But hes also found a kind of insidious prejudice. Working with your hands is seen as almost a mark of inferiority. School in the family o
14、f vocational education “have that stereotype.that its for kids who cant make it academically,” he says.On one hand,that viewpoint is a logical product of Americas evolution.Manufacturing is not the economic engine that it once was.The job security that the US economy once offered to high school grad
15、uates has largely evaporated. More education is the new principle.We want more for our kids,and rightfully so.But the headlong push into bachelors degrees for alland the subtle devaluing of anything lessmisses an important point:Thats not the only thing the American economy needs.Yes,a bachelors degree opens moredoors.Buteven now,54 percent of the jobs in the country are middle-skill jobs,such as construction and high-skill manufacturing.But only 44 percent of workers are adequately trained.In other words,at a time when the working class
