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1、现在完成时（一）用法：表示动作由过去发生并且已结束，强调对现在所产生的影响或结果；表示动作由过去发生并延续到现在，有可能已结束也有可能继续进行下去。（二）结构：主语+ has/have +V-pp (疑问句将has/have提前，否定句在has/have 后加not)There be 句型的现在完成时结构：There have / has been +主语（三）动词过去分词的构成：（与动词过去式的构成相同）1. 一般直接在词尾加ed 如：play _ listen _2. 以不发音字母e 结尾的加-d 如：hope _ live _3. 以一个原音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节先双写该辅音
2、字母，再加-ed如：stop _ prefer _4. 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词变y为i，再加-ed如：study _ worry _（四） 常用时间状语：already, yet, just, ever, never, recently, before, since, for, so far, up to/till now, in the past /last +时间段具体各个词的用法及位置。 for后接时间 也可与_ 连用。since 后接过去时间 since 可用于：It is /has been +时间段+since 从句（从句一般用一般过去时）补充：时间段+has passed +s
3、ince 从句（从句一般用一般过去时） since +时间段+agoalready 位于 ，常用于 句yet 位于 ， 常用于 和 just 位于 ，常用于 句ever 位于 ，可用于 句式never 位于 ，是_词recently, so far, up to/till now, in the past /last +时间段 位于 ，可用于 句式before 位于 ，可用于 句式have/ has been to , have/has been in , have/has gone to 的用法区别。 have/has been to 指“曾经去过某地，现在已经回来了”；have/has b
4、een in 指“已在某地”（常与for, since, how long连用）; have/has gone to“已经去某地，还没有回来”在含how long, for, since 的现在完成时的肯定句中的谓语动词不得使用非延续性动词（或称短暂性动词或点动词）。短暂性动词用于现在完成时，不能与“for+时间段”或“since+时间点”或how long连用，需将短暂性动词改为延续性动词。（考点）（1）buy have (2)borrow/lend keep (3)die be dead(4)leave be away from (5)open be open (6)close be cl
5、osed (7)begin/start be on (8)come back be back (9)end/finish be over(10)get up be up (11)catch a cold have a cold (12)join be in/ at , be a member of 不能和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：We have finished our homework yesterday. ( )现在dd dtt. com完成时专项练习一、 单项选择。1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _whats happened to h
6、im .（呼和浩特）A. knew B. have known C. must know D.will know2、He has _ been to Shanghai , has he ? A. already B.never C.ever D. still3、Have you met Mr Li _？ A.just B. ago C.before D. a moment ago4、The famous writer _ one new book in the past two years .A. is writing B.was writing C.wrote D.has written5、
7、Our country _ a lot so far .Yes . I hope it will be even _ .A. has changed ; well B. changed ; good C. has changed ; better D. changed ; better6、Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years .A. was ; studying B. will ; study C. has ; studied D. are ; studying7、We _ Xiao Li since she was a little
8、girl .A. know B. had known C. have known D. knew8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_ it twice .A. will see B. have seen C. saw D.see9、These farmers have been to the United States .Really ? When _ there ?A. will they go B. did they go C. do they go D. have they gone10、_ you _ your homework yet ?Yes
9、 . I _ it a moment ago .A. Did ; do ; finished B. Have ; done ; finished C. Have ; done ; have finished D. will ; do ; finish11、 His father _ the Party since 1978 .A. joined B. has joined C. was in D. has been in12、Do you know him well ? Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago .A. were B. have been C
10、. have become D. have made13、How long have you _ here ?About two months .A. been B. gone C. come D. arrived14、Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes .A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. began15、 It _ ten years since he left the army . A. is B. has C. will D. was16、 Miss Green isnt in the offic
11、e . she_ to the library .A.has gone B. went C.will go D. has been17、My parents _ Shandong for ten years .A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ?A. so they B. dont they C. have they D. havent they19、 has Mr White been a member of Green
12、er China since he to China?A. How soon, comes B. How often, got C. How long, came D. How far, arrived20、 His uncle for more than 9 years.A. has come here B. has started to work C. has lived there D. has left the university21.How long have you _ the book?A. borrowed B. lent C. kept二、 句型转换。1、He has ne
13、ver surfed, ?（改成反意疑问句）2、They have been here since 2000. (对划线部分提问) have they been here?3、The old man _ last year. He for a year. (die) （动词填空）4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换) This factory _ for twenty years.5、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换) Miss Gao _ _ _ _ an hour ago.6、Her mother has been a Party membe
