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1、 时间状语从句一、引入环节（歌曲欣赏）You Raise Me UpWhen I am down and all my soul so wearyAnd troubles come and my heart burdened beThen I am still and waiting here in the silenceUntil you come and sit awhile with meYou raise me up so I can stand on mountainsYou raise me up to walk on stormy seasI am strong when I a
2、m on your shouldersYou raise me up to more than I can be歌词分析：二、知识讲解What is an Adverbial？英语句子的基本成分： 具体成分分析：主语：表示句子说的是什么人或什么事。 是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。 但在there be结构、疑问句和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、 助动词或情态动词后面。 主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和从句等表示。例句：We often speak English in class. Does smoking do harm to the health? 谓语：说明主
3、语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。 例句：He practices speaking English every morning.The plane took off at five thirty.复合谓语：由情态动词加动词原形构成。 例句：You can keep the book for two months. 由助动词加动词原形,现在分词,过去分词构成。 例句：They are helping with the cleanup. He has seen this movie twice. 注意：谓语与主语在人称与数方面
4、要保持一致。表语：用以说明主语的性质、特征、状态与身份，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、数词、 副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语及从句表示。 例句：My name is Lilia.The days are getting shorter and shorter.The story is very interesting.宾语：表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。与主语一样，通常宾语都具备名词性。 例句：He is doing his homework. How man
5、y dictionaries do you have? I have five.宾语补足语：用于补充说明宾语的动作，一般位于宾语之后，宾语与宾语补足语一起构成复合宾语。需接复合宾语的动词有：tell，let，help，teach， ask，see，have，order，make等。“宾补”一般可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。 例句：They painted their boat white.My mother asked me to clean my room.定语：定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。 主要有形容词此外还有名词、代词、数词、介词短语、
6、动词不定式、分词、从句或相当于形容词的词、短语或句子都可以作定语。例句： The article about how to learn English helps us a lot.The lady in red is my mother. 状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语（Adverbial）。例句：He has lived in the city for ten years. Wait a minute.Once you begin, you must continue.状语种类：1. In order to catch up with the
7、 train, we need to run. (目的状语)2.Last night I didnt go to the movies because of the rain.(原因状语)3. We shall go boating if it doesnt rain. (条件状语)4.Mr. Smith lives on the third floor. (地点状语)5.She put the eggs into the basket with great care.(方式状语)6.She came in with flowers in her hand.(伴随状语)7. I am tall
8、er than he is. (比较状语)8. He was so tired that he couldnt walk even one more step.(结果状语)9. She got lost though she had a compass.(让步状语)10. I get up at six.(时间状语)状语从句定义：用一个句子充当状语成分，那个句子就是状语从句。基本结构：状语从句的三个必须必须是句子；必须是陈述句；必须有连接词 小测试：1. (04北京春) We were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the storm started.A. w
9、henB. while C. until D. before2. (02上海) He was about to tell me the secret _ someone patted him on the shoulder.A. asB. until C. while D. when3. (05上海) He transplanted the little tree to the garden _ it was the best time for it.A. whereB. when C. that D. until4. (05福建) Did Jack come back early last
10、night?Yes. It was not yet eight oclock _ he arrived home.A. Before B. when C. that D. until5. (06辽宁) He was about halfway through his meal _ a familiar voice came to his ears.A. whyB. where C. when D. while连接词when的用法小结1. when可用来引导时间状语从句，意为“当的时候”从句的谓语动词可以是延续的，也可以是短暂的。例句：When the film ended, they went
11、 back.When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.2. when 常用于下列句式：意为“就在那时” 。例句：was doing somethingwhenwas about to dowhenwas on the point of doing sth. when3. when可以表“既然”。例句：How can I help them to understand when they wont listen to me?小测试:1. (06天津) The cost of living in Glasgow is a
12、mong the lowest inBritain, _ the quality of life is probably one of the highest.A. since B. when C. as D. while 2. (04年江苏) _ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actuallylike the person.A. While B. Since C. Before D. Unless3. _it is true that a students most important goal is to do well in his or h
13、er studies, it doesnt need to be the only goal.A.When B.As C. While D Before4. Mary made coffee her guests were finishing their meal.(全国)A. so that B. although C. while D. as if连接词while的用法小结 1.while可用来引导时间状语，意为“当的时候”；引导的动作必须是持续性的。例句：Please dont talk so loud while others are working. 2. while作为并列连词，意
14、为“而，却”，表示对比。例句：Jane was dressed in brown while Mary was dressed in blue.3. while也可用来引导让步状语，意为“尽管，虽然”；可表示尽管，相当于although。例句： While I admit that the problems are difficult , I dont agree that they cant be solved. 4. 趁的情况赶紧做, 否则来不及了。例句：Strike while the iron is hot. 连接词as的用法小结1.as可用来引导时间状语，意为“一边一边”；随着。 She sang as she walked home all the way. (一边一边） As she grew older, she became more beautiful. （随着） 2.as也可用来引导原因状语从句意为“因为”。 As she is free today, she would like to do some shopping. （因为） 3.as还可用来引导让步状语从句（通常用倒装结构）意为“尽管”。 Tired as he was, he refused to take a rest. （尽管）Child as
