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1、 http:/ http:/ http:/ http:/ 提高人工审核自动站报表数据的准确度在月报表数据审核或全面审核时,仍然会出现一些疑误记录或数据,如果不进行人工审查判断,将使我们积累的原始资料出现错误或影响其准确性。该文以日常报表审核中人工审核与数据审核两方面的实践,研究讨论在自动站报表预审中应注意的一些问题。 In the monthly data audit or review, there will still be some errors of records or data, without artificial examine and judge, will give us
2、the original data accumulated error or influence the accuracy of 1-2. Based on the practice of two aspects of artificial audit and review data daily report audit, discusses some problems that should be paid attention to in the reports of automatic station.1人工审核 1 Artificial audit1.1原始记录的审查 1.1 of th
3、e original record review目前青海省的自动站是由定时自动观测项目和定时人工观测项目相结合的,所采集的人工观测数据要人工录入,才能形成一份完整的自动站报表。在每月结束后,预审员首先要对人工观测数据的录入进行校对审核。要逐日检查天气现象与云状、云量与云状以及天气现象与能见度之间是否有矛盾;天气现象的转记是否符合规范的要求;对于蒸发量尤其要注意在有影响蒸发量的日子,特别是有大的降水天气时更要检查蒸发量的处理是否正确;冬季要注意雪深雪压的观测是否正确等。自动观测数据是否有异常情况出现以及异常记录的处理是否符合要求,这些问题都要在机器预审前先由人工预审一遍。在云的检查中,还要注意日
4、照和云的合理配合。 At present the automatic station of Qinghai province is composed of a timing automatic observation and timed artificial observation item combination, artificial observation data collected to manual entry, to form a complete automatic station report. At the end of the month, the first membe
5、r of artificial observation data entry to proofread the audit. Whether there is a contradiction between the daily to check weather and cloud, cloud cover and cloud and weather phenomena and visibility; transfer is in accordance with the specification requirements of weather phenomena; for evaporatio
6、n with particular attention to the effect of evaporation in the day, especially precipitation weather big when must check whether the treatment of evaporation correct; should pay attention to observation of deep snow is correct, the winter snow. Automatic data processing and whether there was abnorm
7、al abnormal records appear to meet the requirements, all these problems to the machine by the artificial prejudication again before the hearing. In the cloud s inspection, but also pay attention to the sunshine and clouds.1.2对查询单要高度重视 1.2 for a single query should attach great importance to每个月预审前先要查
8、看上个月的查询单,对上级业务部门审核出的错误或错情要马上进行更正,避免本月出现类似上月的错误。 To view the last month of a single query each month examination, to correct the superior business department error or wrong right away to avoid similar mistakes in the last month, this month.1.3认真填写备注栏和纪要栏 1.3 fill in the remarks column and summary col
9、umn(1)从气薄-1的备注栏和纪要栏中摘入对记录有影响的原因。检查是否按地面气象观测规范中有关规定进行填写,如不完整记录的统计方法、观测仪器的变动、台站周围变化情况。 ( 1 ) from the gas thin -1 remarks and summary column of abstract cause influence on record. Check whether the relevant provisions in the in Specification for surface meteorological observation to fill out, changes
10、such as statistical methods, not a complete record of observation instrument changes, around the station.(2)出现冰雹天气时,必须将所测得冰雹的最大直径抄入。冬季由于固态降雪出现,停止使用自动站遥测雨量计时,定时降水量用人工观测值代替,因降水或其他原因致使蒸发量为负值时记0。使用和启用遥测雨量计的日期均要在值班日记和备注栏中备注。遇铂电阻地温传感器被积雪覆盖时,须在备注栏注明覆盖的具体时间。如果不备注降雪时,地面温度的变化会非常异常,原因即为积雪覆盖造成的。 ( 2 ) the hail,
11、 hail to the measured maximum diameter of copy. Winter snowfall due to solid, stop using the automatic station telemetry rainfall timing, timing precipitation values instead of manual observation, because of precipitation or other reasons caused evaporation is negative in 0. Use and enable telemetri
12、c hyetometer date shall be on duty memo diary and notes. In case of platinum resistance temperature sensor was covered with snow, to be specified in the remarks column time covering. If does not note the snowfall, variation of the surface temperature is abnormal, the reason is caused by the snow cov
13、er.(3)日照、定时降水全部为人工观测值,不必备注。 ( 3 ) the sunshine, timing of precipitation are all artificial observation value, do not have to note.1.4做好月基本数据库文件的输入、校对、预审工作 1.4 do the monthly basic database file input, proofreading, pre-trial work月基本数据库文件包括自动站和人工观测的数据。对于云、能见度、天气现象、日照、蒸发等人工输入数据应及时进行校对,避免因漏输、山东锅炉误输数据造成
14、报表错误。由于已进入自动站单轨运行,台站的大风记录应以自动站记录为准。 On the basic database files including automatic station and manual observation data. For clouds, visibility, weather, sunshine, evaporation, manual input data should be timely proofreading, avoid the leakage loss, the false input data caused report errors. Since h
15、as entered the monorail operation automatic station, station wind records should be recorded by automatic station shall prevail.1.5月极值的检查 1.5 months of extreme inspection2004年1月1日起执行了新规范。为了保证报表符合新地面气象观测规范的要求,所有气象台站尽可能使用地面气象测报业务软件的要求,进行B文件转A-J文件、及报表制作,在转换后的报表中,发现日极值的挑选并没有按新规范执行。规范规定:月最高、最低气温,气压最高、最低最
16、小相对湿度,最大风速和极大风速,地面最高、最低水汽压,降水量,冻土深度等项目的月极值出现2次或以上相同时,日期栏记天数、风冷冷却器月最长连续降水日数出现2次或以上相同时,降水量和起止日期记其降水量最大者;若2次或以上降水量都相同时,起止日期栏记出现次数,月最大风向频率有2个或以上相同时,挑其出现回数最多的,若回数又相同时,挑其平均风速最大者,若平均风速又相同时,挑取其中与邻近的2个风向频率之和,最大为最多风向。实际工作中,当出现以上项目有2次相同时,其日期值是并记的,为了保证报表制作和规范的统一性,在报表的编制预审时应进行人工修改。 January 1, 2004 from the implementation of the new standard. In
