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1、2022年考博英语-中国农业科学院考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题A stable society is a delicate balance of forces, a（ ）of equilibrium in which the variables have been brought into temporary balance. To alter one factor is to set in motion a series of changes and readjustments that depend upon alterations all along the line.问
2、题1选项A.saturationB.continuumC.continuationD.melting point【答案】B【解析】考查固定搭配辨析。A选项saturation“饱和”；B选项continuum“连续体”；C选项continuation“继续”；D选项melting point“熔点”。根据题干内容，a continuum of连续的，为固定搭配，因此B选项正确。句意：社会稳定源于各种力量的微妙平衡。在这种的平衡中，可变因素已经得到了暂时的平衡。改变一个因素便会发生一系列改变和调整。因此B选项正确。2. 单选题I should be able to finish the task
3、 on time,（ ）you provide me with the necessary guidance.问题1选项A.in caseB.provided thatC.or elseD.as if【答案】B【解析】考查条件句。前半部分说“我应该能按时完成任务”，后半部分是条件“只要你提供给我必要的指导”。A选项in case“万一”；B选项provided that“只要”；C选项or else“否则，要不然”；D选项as if“好像”，结合句意，只有B项符合。3. 不定项选择题(1) The sources of anti-Christian feeling were many and
4、complex. On the more intangible side, there was a general pique against the unwanted intrusion of the Western countries; there was an understandable tendency to seek an external scapegoat for internal disorders only tangentially attributable to the West and perhaps most important, there was a virile
5、 tradition of ethnocentricism, vented long before against Indian Buddhism, which since the seventeenth century, focused on Western Christianity. Accordingly, even before the missionary movement really got under way in the mid-nineteenth century, it was already at a disadvantage. After 1860, as missi
6、onary activity in the hinterland expanded, it quickly became apparent that in addition to the intangibles, numerous tangible grounds for Chinese hostility abounded.(2) In part, the very presence of the missionary evoked attack, they were, after all, the first foreigners to leave the treaty ports and
7、 venture into the interior, and for a long time they were virtually the only foreigners whose quotidian labors carried them to the farthest reaches the Chinese empire. For many of the indigenous population, therefore, the missionary stood as a uniquely visible symbol against which opposition to fore
8、ign intrusion could be vented. In part, too, the missionary was attacked because the manner in which he made his presence felt after 1860 seemed almost calculated to offend. By indignantly waging battle against the notion that China was the sole fountainhead of civilization and, more particularly, b
9、y his assault on many facets of Chinese culture, the missionary directly undermined the cultural hegemony of the gentry class. Also, in countless ways, he posed a threat to the gentrys traditional monopoly of social leadership. Missionaries, particularly Catholics, frequently, assumed the garb of th
10、e Confucian literati. They were the only persons at the local level, aside from the gentry who were permitted to communicate with the authorities as social equals, and they enjoyed an extraterritorial status in the interior that gave them greater immunity to Chinese law than had ever been possessed
11、by the gentry.(3) Although it was the avowed policy of the Chinese government after 1860 that the new treaties were to be strictly adhered to, in practice implementation depended on the wholehearted accord provincial authorities. There is abundant evidence that cooperation was dilatory. At the root
12、of this lay the interactive nature of ruler and ruled.(4) In a severely understaffed bureaucracy that ruled as much by suasion as by might, the official, almost always a stranger in the locality of his service, depended on the active cooperation of the local gentry class. Energetic attempts to imple
13、ment treaty provisions concerning missionary activities, in direct defiance of gentry sentiment, ran the risk of alienating this class and destroying future effectiveness.36. In a vague way, anti-Christian feeling stemmed from（ ）.37. The author would agree that（ ）.38. With which of the following sta
14、tements would the author agree?39. Missionaries（ ）.40. Provincial authorities（ ）.问题1选项A.the mere presence of invadersB.a generalized unfocused feelingC.the introduction to the WestD.none of the above问题2选项A.many problems in China came from internal disorders due to W eastern influence.B.many problems
15、 in China came from China itself and were unrelated to the West.C.scapegoats perform a necessary function and there should be more of them.D.all of the above are true.问题3选项A.Ethnocentricism is a manly tradition.B.The disdain toward Christianity was prefigured by a disdain toward Buddhism.C.Although Christianity was not well received in China, Buddhism was.D.The author would agree with A and C.问题4选项A.often dressed the same way as Chinese scholars didB.were free of the legal constraints that bound the local indigenous populationC.had greater access to authority than Chinese peasantsD.may be des
