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1、IF 的虚拟语气例(1)Mary said to me, Had I seen your bag, I _ it to you.A. will returnB. must returnC. could returnD. would have returned(【答案】D)(2004年4月45题)二、省略if的虚拟形式在虚拟条件句中，如谓语包含were，had，should等词，则可以把这些词放到主语前面，省略if。例(1)_ the advice of his friends, he would not have suffered such a heavy loss in his busine
2、ss.A. If he tookB. If he should takeC. Were he to takeD. Had he taken(【答案】D)(2004年4月32题)例(2)_, I should ask them some questions.A. Should they come to usB. If they come to usC. Were they come to usD. Had they come to us(【答案】A)(1997年30题)三、含蓄条件句有时一个假设的情况不用条件从句表示，而用其它方式来表示，这样的句子叫含蓄条件句。常用with，without，bu
3、t for。例(1)Without heat and sunlight, plants on the earth _ well.A. would not growB. will not growC. had not grownD. would not be grown(【答案】A)(2004年11月32题)例(2)But for my classmates help, I _ the work in time.A. did not finishB. could not finishC. will not finishD. would not have finished(【答案】D)(2004年
4、4月36题)四、特殊词或结构中的虚拟语气： 以wish(that)引导的表示“愿望”的宾语从句wish后的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气，而在虚拟语气中时态的应用类似在非真实条件中从句时态的应用。表示现在或将来的愿望用：主语wish 从句(主语过去时)；表示一个过去没有实现的愿望用：主语wish +从句(主语过去完成时)；例(1)I didnt go to the party, but I do wish I _ there.A. wereB. would beC. had beenD. will be(【答案】C)(2001年53题) if only +句子(过去时/过去完成时)“要是就好了”If
5、only 后面的句子如果是对现在或将来情况的虚拟，用过去时did ；如果是对过去情况的虚拟，用过去完成时had done . 要注意与if 区别，if 只表示假设，“如果”，用真实语气；而if only 表示不可能实现的情况，用虚拟语气。例如：If only the alarm clock had rung. 当时闹钟响就好了。(对过去虚拟)If only I were rich. 要是我富有就好了。(对现在虚拟) would rather句子(过去时)表示宁愿、宁可的意愿，语气比较婉转。后接过去式。例(1)I am too busy these days. I would rather al
6、l of you _ next month for a dinner.A. comeB. would come C. came D. have come(【答案】C)(2002年46题) it is time(that)，it is high time (that)句型中，谓语动词用过去时，表示早该做而未做的事，意思是该了、早该了.例(1)Lets finish our homework in a few seconds; its time we _.A. played footballB. will play footballC. play footballD. are playing fo
7、otball(【答案】A)(2004年11月43题) 以as if，as though引导的从句在as if，as though引导的从句中，如果谈论的是不可能或不真实的情况时，它们所引用的状语从句要用虚拟语气，动词形式和wish后面的从句动词形式变化相同。例：He talks as if he _ everything in the world.A. knowsB. knewC. had knownD. would have known(【答案】B。本句表示说话人对现在的情况有所怀疑，所以用过去时。)五、should+动词原形及should的省略(1)、一些表示建议、要求、命令等的动词本身隐
8、含说话者主观的意见。因此这些动词(或其变形，如名词，形容词，分词等)后面的从句应使用虚拟语气，即“should do”结构，其中的“should”常被省略。如：表“提议、建议”的动词：suggest ,advise, propose, recommend, move(提议);表“要求、主张”的动词：insist, require, request, demand , desire ;表“命令”的动词：order, command.例(1)I dont think it advisable that Tom _ to the job since he has no experience.A. b
9、e assigned B. is assigned C. will be assigned D. has been assigned(【答案】A)(2006年11月29题)例(2)His mother insisted that he _ the coat when going out.A. put onB. puts onC. to putD. putting on(【答案】A)(1999年58题)此处省略了should.(2)、It is necessary/important/essential/ vital/urgent / surprising/ amazing that引导的主语从
10、句中，从句的谓语动词要用should+原形动词，should也可以省略。此类形容词的特点是表示重要性或吃惊。例(1)it is vital that enough money_collected to get the project started.A. is B. be C must be D can be(【答案】B)(2004年11月24题)例(2)Its urgent that a meeting _ before the final decision is made.A. will be arranged B. must be arrangedC. be arrangedD. would be arranged(【答案】C)(2003年4月45题)(3)、以in case, lest, for fear that引起的状语从句，表示“以防，以免”。其形式为should+动词原形。如：He took his raincoat with him in case it should rain.他把雨衣带在身上以防下雨。
