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1、欢迎光临：大家论坛高中高考专区 教材优化全析Introduction1.It lasted for ten hours and was very frightening.它（这场沙尘暴）持续了十个小时，令人特别恐惧。（1）last vi. 继续；持续；维持。例如：Our summer holidays last a long time every year.我们的假期每年有很长一段时间。 The hot weather lasted until the end of September.炎热的天气一直持续到九月底。（2）frightening adj. 令人恐惧的， 引起突然惊恐的。例如：a
2、frightening experience一次可怕的经历The news is quite frightening.这消息引起人们的恐惧。2.The wind blew the sand high around the houses，and some cars were almost completely buried by the sand.强劲的风吹得房子周围的沙尘四处飞扬，有些小汽车几乎被沙尘所埋没。blow vt.& vi. 吹，吹动，刮。例如：The winds blow across the sea，pushing little waves into bigger and big
3、ger ones.风吹过海面，把小的波浪推向前进，变成越来越大的波浪。The wind has blown my hat off.风把我的帽子刮走了。blow C 打，打击，奇袭，猛攻。例如：give sb. a blow on the head给某人头上一击3.Deserts are also created because people cut down trees and dig up grass.人们肆意砍伐树木和破坏草皮也是导致土壤沙漠化的原因之一。cut down 砍倒；缩减；降价。例如：The apple tree was dead and he cut it down.那棵苹果
4、树枯死了，所以他把它砍掉。We cant cut down our expenses any more.我们不能再削减费用了。I managed to cut the shopkeeper down to $100 for the watch.我跟店主杀价，终于把这手表降到100美元。dig up掘出；挖出；发掘；捐出。 例如：He has dug up some vegetables.他挖出了一些蔬菜。Can you dig up any money? 你能凑点钱吗？4.If you are in a desert，what is the first sign of a sandstorm?
5、假若你正在沙漠中，沙尘暴要来临的最初迹象是什么？sign C 记号，符号，姿势；告示，标语；牌子；迹象；征兆。例如：He made a sign for me to follow him.他向我示意跟着他（走）。 The sign by the road said“No Parking”.路边的牌子上写着“禁止停车”。There are no signs of life about the house.这房子没有住人的迹象。Reading and vocabulary1.Sandstorms have been a major disaster for many Asian countries
6、 for centuries.几个世纪以来，沙尘暴一直是很多亚洲国家的主要的灾难。major adj. 较大的；较多的；主要的；主修的。例如：One of the major aims of the air raid was the complete demolition of all means of communications by bombing.这次空袭的一个主要目的，就是通过轰炸彻底摧毁敌人的通讯设施。a major city主要城市majoring in mathematics 主修数学2.They are often so thick that you cannot see t
7、he sun，and the wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand dunes.通常情况下，它们（沙尘暴）密集得遮天蔽日，并且有时候强烈的风足以把沙丘推向前进。so. that.如此以至于（引导结果状语从句）。例如：He got up so early that he was the first to get to school.他起床很早，结果第一个到达学校。The problem was so difficult that none of us worked it out.这道题很难，我们中没有一人能解出来。3.Ren Jianbo，fr
8、om Inner Mongolia described a terrible sandstorm he experienced as a child in the desert.来自于内蒙古的任建波描述了他小时候在沙漠中经历的一次可怕的沙尘暴。本句话中he experienced是定语从句，修饰前面的sandstorm。as a child是时间状语，相当于as he was a child。4.“To have been caught in a sandstorm was a terrible experience，” he said.他说：“那次被围困在沙尘暴中的经历真是令人太可怕了。”此
9、处“To have been caught in the sandstorm”为不定式的完成形式作主语。“be caught in”在此的意思是“被困在雨（风、雪）中”。例如：He was caught in the storm last week and caught a cold.他上星期被雨淋了，患了感冒。Charlie Chaplin and his friends were caught in a snowstorm.查理卓别林和他的朋友被暴风雪围困了。5.It was the most frightening and the most dangerous situation Ive
10、 ever been in.当时情景非常可怕，这是我经历过的最危险的情形。situation n. 位置，场所，地位，形势，局势， 局面，情况，处境。例如：The house has a fine situation.这所房子的地点很好。The situation was complicated.形势非常复杂。How do you analyze the present political situation?您怎样分析当前的政治局势？6.You just had to hope youd survive.你仅希望自己能大难不死。survive vt. & vi. 活下来， 幸存， 保存下来，
11、经历后依然活着， 经受得住。例如：Few survived after the flood.洪水过后，幸存者极少。The man was very ill，but he survived.这个人病得很厉害，可是他活下来。Only one baby survived the terrible car crash.在那次可怕的撞车事故中只有一个婴儿生还。survive 比活得长。例如：She survived her husband by five years.她比她丈夫多活了五年。7.Sandstorms in China appear to have increased in recent y
12、ears as a result of desertification.由于沙漠化，近年来中国的沙尘暴好像增加了。appear to have done结构中，不定式完成式表示的动作是一个更早的动作，它发生在主要动词所表示的动作之前。不定式的完成形式经常与appear，seem，happen，pretend等动词连用。例如：I happened to have driven that kind of car before.相当于：It happened that I had driven that kind of car before.碰巧我过去曾开过那种汽车。He pretended to
13、have read the book.相当于：He pretended that he had read it.他假装曾经读过那本书。8.This is a process that happens when land becomes desert because of climate changes and because people cut down trees and dig up grass.这一进程是由于气候变化以及人们肆意砍伐森林和破坏草皮从而导致土地沙漠化的情况下发生的。processC 进程，处理（方法），步骤，过程，作用，工序，方法。例如：the process of br
14、eathing呼吸作用the process of learning to read 学习阅读的步骤the process of digestion 消化过程 The firm is now in the process of moving the main equipment to a new place.公司目前正在把主要设备迁到新地址去。9.Citizens wake up to an orange sky and strong winds that cover the city in a thick，brown-yellow dust.人们醒来注意到橘红色的天空，强劲的风沙给整座城市笼
15、罩上一层厚厚的棕黄色的灰尘。wake up to认识到，意识到，发觉。例如：He didnt wake up to the importance of study until he joined in the work.直到参加了工作他才意识到学习的重要性。We must wake up to the fact that this kind of animal is in danger of dying out.我们必须意识到这一事实，那就是这种动物正面临灭绝的危险。10.The storms sometimes continue all day and traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust makes it difficult to see.沙尘暴有时候持续一整天，密集的沙尘使得能见度很低，因此来往的车辆行驶得很慢。这里make后面跟复合宾语，it 是形式宾语，difficult作补语，to see 是真正的宾语。其结构为：make it+adj.+ to do.。例如：The heavy rain made it
