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1、Factors Affecting Memory Efficiency in EFL【Abstract】ManyfactorscanaffectmemoryefficiencyinEFL.Inthisarticletheauthordividesthemintosubjectivefactorsandobjectivefactors.【Keywords】subjectivefactors；objectivefactors【作者簡介】贾敏，山东工艺美术学院公共课教学部。ManyfactorscanaffectmemoryefficiencyinEFL.Inthisarticletheauthor
2、dividesthemintosubjectivefactorsandobjectivefactors.I.subjectivefactorsSubjectively，onesinterest，perseverance，attention，experienceandawarenessoftheobjectivesgreatlyinfluenceonesmemory.Interestisthepsychologicaltendencyofpeoplesexertingtheirefforttogettoknowandtoexploreonething.Peoplealwaystakeanacti
3、vepartinexploringthethingswhichattractsthem.Therefore，interestisthegreatinnerdriveforonetounderstandthingsandperformonesactivities.Thosethingsthatmeetonesneedsandsatisfyonesinteresteasilyenhanceonesenthusiasmandwillmakeoneundertakethetaskscheerfullyandsmoothly.Ifoneshowsnointerestinonethingandevenre
4、gardsitasaburden，itsverypossiblethathecantdoitwell.Interestisnotinbornandcanbefostered.Memoryisarathercomplicatedprocess.ForustheprocessofmemorizingEnglishwordsinEFLisverydifficulttodealwith.Itsthisinextricableprocessthatcantrialwhetheroneisperseverantornot.Thosewhohavenottheamazingwillpowerwillneve
5、rtastethedeliciousfruitofvictoryandthemerethingtheycandoisjustgivinguphalfway.Theawarenessoftheobjectivesofmemoryisalsoveryimportant.Ifonehasntaclearanddefiniteaim，hecantmemorizethingsmoreeffectively.Generallyspeaking，theclearertotheobjectives，thedeeperoneunderstandsthesignificanceofthetask，andthefi
6、rmeronesmemoryis.Attentionmeansthatpsychologicalactivitypointstoandfocusesonsomeobjects.Italsomeanstheseleciveconcentrationonsomeobjects.Insteadofbeinganindependentpsychologicalprocess，attentionisonlyapsychologicalstate，accompanyingtheotherpsychologicalprocesssuchasmemory.Itcantreflectthings.Itonlym
7、aintainsthepointingstateofthepsychologicalactivitiesandguaranteestheeffectiveconductofthepsychologicalactivities.Sonopsychologicalactivitiescanbecarriedoutwithoutattention，ofcourseincludingmemory.Soifonewantstomemorizesomethingeffectivelyandquickly，onemustbeattentive.SomeEnglishlearnerscomplainthatt
8、heycantmemorizesomethingevenafterreadingitfortentimes.Thecauseistheirabsentmindedness.Readingtentimeswithoutattentionisnotsoeffectiveasreadingonlyoncebutattentively.“Doonethingatatime“emphasizestheimportanceofattention.onesknowledgeandexperiencecanalsoaffectonesmemory.Ifonehasprofoundknowledgeandabu
9、ndantexperience，thechanceforhimtounderstandthematerialscorrectlyandpromptlyislarge.Thebetterheunderstands，thefirmerhismemoryis.II.objectivefactorsThequalityandthequantityofthematerialsareamongtheobjectivefactors.Weallknowthattothesamekindofmaterials，e.g.thewordsatthesamecognitivelevel，thelargerthequ
10、antityisthelongerthetimeofmemorizingprocesswillbetaken.Consideringthequalityofthematerials，itwillbringbettereffectsifthematerialistangibleandeasilyunderstood.Inaddition，itseasytomemorizethewell-acquaintedmaterialsratherthanstrangeones.WhenwelearnthenewwordsinEFL，ifthewordsareveryabstract，itshardforu
11、stomemorizeit.Thetimesoftherepetitionareanotherobjectivefactor！Generallyspeaking，itseemsthatthemorewerepeat，thebettertheprocessofthememorizing.Weneedrepetition，butweshouldcontrolitsamountappropriately.Theexcessiverepetitionisawasteoftimeandenergy.Tochoosebetterapproacheswhenwememorizesomethingisalso
12、veryimportant.Wecanbenefitfromalltheapproachesthatmaketheadvantageofthevoluntarymemoryandsensememory.Differenteffectswillappearbyusingdifferentsenseorgans.Accordingtothecharttheoryofmemory，theacquisitionbyvisualsenseperformsanactiveroleinthewholeprocessofmemory.Someexperimentsshowthatifweuserespecti
13、velytheEnglishwordsandthepicturerepresentingthesameconceptasthematerial，e.g.theword“plantingandthepictureofthisactivity，thememorizingefficiencyofthelatterisevidentlyhigherthanthatoftheformeronlybecausepicturesstimulateoureyesmorethanthespellingsofthewords.Theeffectofthevisualsenseisbetterthanthesenseofhearing.Whileinturn，theeffectofthesenseofhearingisbetterthantheothersenses.However，thecooperationofallthedifferentsensescanhelponetogainevenbettereffectthanbyusingonlyoneofthem.Soweshouldtrytostimulateallthesenseorganstowork.
