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1、冷变形对低滑动速率下Al-10Ti合金磨损的影响AbstractThe effect of cryogenic deformation on the wear behavior of Al-10Ti alloy at low sliding speeds was investigated in this study. Pin-on-disk wear tests were conducted on the as-received and cryogenically deformed samples at sliding speeds of 0.1 and 0.3 m/s. The result
2、s showed that cryogenic deformation significantly enhanced the wear resistance of the Al-10Ti alloy at both sliding speeds, with the wear rates reduced by more than 65%. The improvement in wear resistance was attributed to the refinement and strengthening of the microstructure, as well as the transf
3、ormation of the wear mechanism from abrasive to adhesive wear.IntroductionAluminum-titanium (Al-Ti) alloys have been widely used in aerospace, automotive, and other industries due to their high strength-to-weight ratio and excellent corrosion resistance. However, these alloys are prone to wear under
4、 sliding conditions, which can limit their service life and performance. Various methods have been used to improve the wear resistance of Al-Ti alloys, including surface modification, coatings, and alloying. Among these, cryogenic deformation has shown promise in enhancing the mechanical properties
5、of metallic materials.Cryogenic deformation involves subjecting the material to low temperatures before or during deformation. It has been reported to refine and strengthen the microstructure of metals and alloys, resulting in improved mechanical properties such as hardness and ductility. However, t
6、he effect of cryogenic deformation on the wear behavior of Al-Ti alloys has not been extensively studied, especially at low sliding speeds.In this study, the wear behavior of an Al-10Ti alloy was investigated under low sliding speeds after cryogenic deformation. The aim of this study was to evaluate
7、 the effect of cryogenic deformation on the wear resistance of the alloy and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.Experimental ProcedureMaterials and Sample PreparationThe Al-10Ti alloy used in this study was obtained in the form of 10 mm diameter round bars. The alloy was composed of 90 wt.% alum
8、inum and 10 wt.% titanium. The bars were cut into 10 mm long cylinders, which were then cold rolled to 30% reduction in thickness. The cold-rolled samples were then divided into two groups, one of which was cryogenically deformed while the other was left as-received.Cryogenic DeformationThe cryogeni
9、c deformation was carried out using liquid nitrogen at a temperature of -196 C. The cold-rolled samples were immersed in the liquid nitrogen for 10 minutes before being subjected to uniaxial compression at room temperature using a hydraulic press. The compression strain was set at 20% for all sample
10、s.Wear TestPin-on-disk wear tests were conducted using a tribometer (MTM-20, UMT TriboLAB) under dry sliding conditions. The disk was made of hardened alloy steel with a surface roughness of 0.2 m, while the pins were the test samples with a diameter of 10 mm and a length of 10 mm. The wear tests we
11、re carried out at sliding speeds of 0.1 and 0.3 m/s, with a normal load of 5 N and a sliding distance of 500 m.CharacterizationThe microstructures of the samples were characterized using optical microscopy (OM, Axio Scope.A1, Zeiss) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM, Tescan Vega3 LMU) with energ
12、y dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The wear tracks were examined using a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM, LSM 780, Zeiss) to analyze the wear debris and tribolayer formation.Results and DiscussionMicrostructureThe microstructures of the as-received and cryogenically deformed samples are shown
13、 in Figure 1. The as-received sample exhibited a dendritic structure with coarse grains and Ti-rich precipitates distributed along the grain boundaries. In contrast, the cryogenically deformed sample showed a refined microstructure with fine equiaxed grains and a homogeneous distribution of Ti preci
14、pitates.Wear BehaviorThe wear rates of the as-received and cryogenically deformed samples at different sliding speeds are presented in Figure 2. The results showed that cryogenic deformation significantly improved the wear resistance of the Al-10Ti alloy at both sliding speeds, with the wear rates r
15、educed by more than 65%. For the as-received samples, the wear rate increased with increasing sliding speed, indicating a higher propensity for wear under high-speed sliding conditions. In contrast, the cryogenically deformed samples exhibited a relatively constant wear rate at both sliding speeds.T
16、ribolayer and Wear DebrisThe tribolayers and wear debris formed during the wear tests were analyzed using CLSM and SEM/EDS. Figure 3 shows the CLSM images of the wear debris and tribolayers formed on the as-received and cryogenically deformed samples at a sliding speed of 0.3 m/s. For the as-received samples, the wear debris consisted of coarse particles with irregular shapes, while the tribolayers were compo
