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1、（山东专用）2020版高考英语一轮复习第二部分语法专题四介词和介词短语基础巩固外研版专题四介词和介词短语基础巩固.单句填空1.(2018河南郑州一中六次测试)Most caves are formed nature under the ground, but some have entrances people can find.答案by句意:大部分洞窟是在地下自然形成的,但有些洞窟的入口人们可以发现。by nature为固定搭配,意为 “天然地”,故填介词by。2.(2018陕西榆林二中三模)With the Internet, parents cannot check a publishe
2、d guide to determine what is suitable their children to see.答案forbe+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.为固定结构,故设空处填介词for。3.(2018广东五校协作体一次联考)The brand was born in Wuzhen in 1848 and has been popular the distinctive taste of its duck products. 答案for句意:该品牌于1848年诞生于乌镇,由于其鸭产品独特的味道而一直受欢迎。设空处表示“原因”,故用介词for。4.(2018福建龙岩2
3、月质检)As Christmas is the most important festival in the West, some believe that it is similarthe Spring Festival in China. 答案to句意:由于圣诞节是西方最重要的节日,因此一些人认为圣诞节与中国的春节相似。be similar to为固定短语,意为“与相似”。5.It was about 300 or 400 years before the extra names gradually developed into last names, or surnames, and t
4、hey were passed down generation to generation.答案from句意:大约过了300或400年,这些额外的名字才逐渐成为姓氏。它们被一代又一代地传了下来。from.to.为固定短语,意为“从到”。6.(2018河南郑州一次质检)Instead of focusing on my failure, I stopped to reflect on my experiences in the past few yearsa debater. 答案as句意:我没有关注我的失败,而是停下来对过去几年来作为一名辩论者的经历进行了反思。设空处表示“作为”,故填介词as
5、。7.My parents and teachers were surprised my bad performance. 答案at句意:我的父母和老师对我不好的表现感到很惊讶。be surprised at为固定短语,意为“对感到惊讶”。8.For those who fly to Guilin, its only an hour away car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.答案by此处为介词短语by car,意为“乘小汽车”,故空格处填介词by。9.When a new day breaks, the walls
6、 have given off their heat and are now cold enough to cool the house during the hot day; the same time, they warm up again for the night.答案atat the same time为介词短语,意为“同时”。故空格处填介词at。10.The study suggests that the cultures we grow up influence the basic processes by which we see the world around us.答案i
7、n本句采用定语从句的形式考查介词。 “we grow up”为定语从句,先行词为the cultures,将先行词代入定语从句后为:We grow up in the cultures.,故设空处填介词in。11.Last year was the warmest year on record,with global temperature 0.68the average.答案above句意:去年是有记录以来最温暖的一年,全球气温超过了平均气温0.68摄氏度。根据语境可知此处表示“在之上,高于”,所以要用介词above。12.Im going to take advantagethis tou
8、r to explore the history of the castle.答案of句意:我打算利用这次旅行去探索那座城堡的历史。take advantage of利用。13.This meeting room is a non-smoking area;I would like to warn you advance that if you smoked here you would be fined.答案in句意:这间会议室是无烟区。我想事先提醒你如果在这儿吸烟的话你会被罚款的。in advance提前,事先。14.Anyway,were here now,so lets get dow
9、nsome serious work.答案to句意:反正我们现在都在这儿,那我们开始做一些重要的工作吧。get down to 开始做。15.These comments came in response specific questions often asked by local newsmen.答案to句意:对于当地新闻记者常常问起的特定问题,这些评论正好做出了回复。in response to作为对的回应。16.Apartthe cold, thin air and low oxygen levels can also cause mountain sickness.答案from句意:
10、除了寒冷以外,空气稀薄和氧含量低也会导致高山病。apart from除之外。17.A flood of corrupt officials(贪官)have been punished in China, which shows the governments determination to fight corruption the end.答案against;to句意:在中国很多贪官已经被惩罚了,这表明了政府与腐败斗争到底的决心。fight against.to the end与斗争到底。18.I dont think that your lecture got across the aud
11、ience, for they appeared quite puzzled.答案to句意:我认为听众没听懂你的讲座,因为他们看上去非常困惑。get across to sb.被某人理解。.单句改错1.(2018河南郑州一中阶段检测)Every time I look at the pictures for which I took, I will remember the water, the bridges and the houses. 答案去掉for句意:每次看到我所拍摄的照片,我都会记起那里的水、桥和房子。“which I took”为定语从句,先行词为the pictures,关系
12、词在定语从句中作took的宾语,需用which而非for which引导,故将for删除。2.(2018福建莆田3月质检)At 8 a.m., we gathered the foot of Daqing Mountain and set out for the top in high spirits. 答案the foot前加at句意:在上午八点,我们在大青山山脚下集合,然后情绪高涨地向山顶出发。gather作“集合”讲,为不及物动词,后面需用介词短语作地点状语,故在the foot前加at。3.(2018全国百校联盟一次联考)Under our help, all the books we
13、re free from the rain. 答案UnderWith句意:在我们的帮助下,所有的书都没被雨淋。with ones help为固定搭配,意为“在某人的帮助下”。4.(2018山东日照一模)At around 8:30, in the morning of February 8th, I found a lost suitcase near the exit of Heathrow Airport. 答案inon句意:在2月8日上午8:30左右,我在希思罗机场出口附近发现了一个被遗失的手提箱。英文中,表示“在具体某天的上午、下午、晚上或夜里”时,要使用介词on,故将in改为on。5
14、.(2018河南中原名校五次联考)The phenomenon that people are too addicted in their mobile phones is becoming more and more popular. 答案into句意:人们过于沉溺于手机这种现象正变得越来越普遍。be addicted to为固定短语,意为“对上瘾”。故将in改为to。6.(2018山东潍坊一模)On such cold weather, we stayed with her until the ambulance came to the scene. 答案OnIn句意:在那么寒冷的天气里,我们一直和她待在一起,直到救护车到达现场。天气前要用介词in而非on,故将On改为In。7.While they chatted, my father would lift my sister
