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1、Section Using language现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时是过去的动作或状态持续到现在并且已经完成，对现在造成的影响，可能持续发生下去。have/has been done是现在完成时的被动语态结构，主要用来表达动作已经被做，已经被完成，或者尚未被完成。观察例句阅读下列句子，并体会黑体部分的用法。1I guess you have been asked about the title of your book before.2New inventions like 3D printers have been used to make replacement hearts and
2、 bone parts.3I guess someone has asked you about the title of your book before.4People have used new inventions like 3D printers to make replacement hearts and bone parts.5Something bad has happened to him.6The door has opened of itself.7The orphan has been well looked after.归纳用法现在完成时被动语态用法是高考的重要考点，
3、学习时应该注意下列几点：一、掌握现在完成时被动语态的构成现在完成时被动语态的结构为has/have been done，使用has been done时主语为单数，使用have been done时主语为复数。如：This book has been translated into many languages.这本书已被译为多种语言。His bikes have been sold out.他的自行车已经卖完了。二、理解现在完成时被动语态的概念现在完成时被动语态强调一个发生在过去的被动性动作，它有两层意思：(1)动作已经完成，强调对现在造成的影响或结果：(2)主语与谓语动词之间为被动关系。如
4、：Our classroom has been cleaned，you neednt clean it now.我们的教室已经被打扫过，你现在没必要再打扫了。These flowers have been watered，you can go home.这些花已经被浇水了，你可以回家了。三、现在完成时被动语态的用法1用于不知道动作执行者是谁时His bike has been stolen.他的自行车被人偷了。(不清楚是被谁偷的)2用于动作执行者是泛指或不言自明时Not a book in the library has been taken away.图书馆里的书没有一本被人拿走。(没人拿书
5、，泛指)3用于可以说出动作执行者但动作承受者是谈话中心或特别需要强调时My watch has been repaired.我的表修好了。(表修好了是谈话的主旨，是谁修好无关紧要。不必提及)4用于出于委婉、礼貌而避免提及自己或对方时Enough has been said here on this question.关于这个问题，这里已经谈得不少了。(意思是说：大家不要再说了)5用于文章标题、广告、新闻等中(常用省略助动词be的被动语态)Road Blocked.道路已被堵塞(新闻报道，省略了助动词has been)6用于动作的执行者不是人时The house has been washed
6、away by the storm.那栋房子已被暴风雨冲走了。7用于商务书信中书信起草人是以公司名义时Your letter has been received.来信已收到。四、掌握现在完成时被动语态的各种句型变换从现在完成时被动语态结构has/have been done可以看出has/have为助动词，因此现在完成时被动语态的各种句型变换均应借助于has/have来完成。构成否定句时直接在has/have后面加not，构成一般疑问句时直接在has/have后面加not，构成一般疑问句时将has/have提前，如：Has this bridge been finished? 这座桥竣工了吗？
7、His bad habits havent been done away with.他的坏习惯还没有改掉。The blackboard has been cleaned，hasnt it? 黑板已经擦过了，是吗？即时训练把下列句子改成被动句。1We have cleaned our classroom.Our classroom has been cleaned.2He has sold out all his bikes in the shop.All his bikes in the shop have been sold out.3He hasnt finished his homewo
8、rk.His homework hasnt been finished.4Grandma has taken care of the child all these years.The child has been taken care of by grandma all these years.5He has repaired the machine for two hours.The machine has been repaired for two hours.单句语法填空1Paper money has been used (use) for over a thousand years
9、. 2Great changes have taken (take) place in my hometown and a lot of factories have been set(set) up. 3Come and sit down by the fire.Your hand has been felt (feel) cold. 4The fire has got (get) to the fifth floor.Have all the people saved(save)? 5We want to sit at the table near the window. Im sorry
10、，but it has been taken(take)already. 6Some of the chapters(片段)have been widely read (read) by many students. 7Why dont you go to the book store to buy some books？Many new books have been brought (bring) there. 8Till now，three films have been shown(show) in that small village this month. 9Do you know
11、 the thief has been caught (catch) by the police?10My sister is working in the power plant that has been used (use) for just one year. .短文语法填空Good morning，everybody！This has been my second trip 1.to Tokyo.And I would like to thank this school because I 2.have been invited (invite) to you this talk.I
12、 would like to focus 3.mainly(main) on how to improve your English for 4.practical (practice) purposes.It is my belief to improve a language.It is important for one to continuously use that language.In English，as in most languages，there are 4 main aspects of speaking，listening，reading and writing.I
13、believe two 5.activities (activity) can help all four of these.Firstly reading in the newspaper 6.has been noted (note) to be able to help improve ones English.However，I 7.personally(personal) feel that reading books is more useful.While my English 8.has been improved (improve) by newspaper reading，
14、I feel that it may be too boring and not interesting to secondary school students.Books，on the other hand，of the past time，have many levels.The second activity that 9.has been thought (think) to be useful is watching the news.I know I just said that the news is boring，but watching the news can be interesting to students.Another advantage of watching the news as a post reading is that you can learn how to use body language while 10.speaking (speak)I hope my speech has been helpful to all of you.Thank you for taking the time to listen!- 1 -
