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1、高中英语状语从句专题训练题【网络构建】状语从句的定义与功能： 在复合句中担任状语成分的从句称为状语从句，修饰主句的谓语动词，形容词或副词。状语从句的分类： 根据意义和用途的不同，状语从句可分为： 1. 时间 2. 原因3. 地点4. 目的5. 方式6. 条件7. 结果8. 让步9. 比较状语从句状语从句的位置: 状语从句同状语一样,在句中的位置比较灵活, 可置于句首,句未,或句中.状语从句位于句首时,常用逗号分开, 状语从句位于句尾时,其前一般不用逗号各种从句的具体用法: I: 时间状语从句 引导时间状语从句的连词有:(-的时候) when, while, as, (直到) till, unt
2、il, (一-就-)as soon as, the moment (that), the minute (that), immediately, directly, instantly, (刚-就-)no sooner -than, hardly-when, scarcely-when since, before, after, once , whenever等. 1. when/while/as 的用法（1）When “在-时刻或在-期间”，它可兼指“时间点”与“时间段”，从句中的动词可以是终止性动词也可以是持续性动词。 When I got home, he was having supp
3、er. When I was young, I liked dancing. When he has finished his work, he takes a short rest. When I got to the cinema, the film had already began.【重点提示】 when 也可作为并列连词，连接两个并列句， “那时”，“这时”相当于and then , and at that time.这时不可被as, while 替代。We were about to go out when the teacher came in.We hadnt been wat
4、ching TV for a long time when there was a power failure. when 还可作 “在-的情况下”解, 这时也不可被as, while 替代。Why did you walk there when you have a car?（2）while, 只指时间段， 不指时间点， 从句的谓语动词只限于持续动词和状态动词。While I slept, a thief broke in.Father looked after the children while mother was away.【重点提示】 while 也可以用作并列连词， 连接两个并列
5、句，“而， 另一方面” She likes music, while I like sports. He is diligent while his brother is idle.while 还可以解释为“只要” While there is life, there is hope.While还可以解释为 “尽管， 虽然” While respected, she in not liked.(3) as 引导的时间状语从句既可以表示一段时间（同延续性动词连用），也可以表示点时间（同非延续性动词连用）。但as 引导的从句更强调主从句的同时发生。As the sun rose, the fog
6、dispersed.(太阳升起， 浓雾散去)。As it grew darker, it became colder.As she came to know him better, she relied on him more.如果这里使用when, 就会完全失去同时并进或肩并肩发展的意义。【特别重点提示】when 从句与主句动作先后发生时， 不能与while, as 互换， 如上述例句中的.When 从句动词为终止性动词时不能与while 替换.When he came yesterday, we were playing basketball.此句中的when 也不用as 替代，因为as
7、从句为终止性动词时, 主句通常也用终止性动词当从句的谓语动词是延续性动词时, when, while, as 才有可能互相替换.While/When/As we were still laughing, the teacher came in.当从句的谓语动词是终止性动词， 而主句的谓语动词也是终止性动词when 和as 通用， 而且用as 比用when 更为紧凑， 有“正当，这时 ”的含义。He came just as (when) I reached the door.两个进行时的长动作相并列进行的时候， 可用while/when ，但as 不可用。Mary was cooking su
8、pper while /when her brother was playing chess.Xiao Yang was singing happily while/when he was driving home.两个一般时的长动作相并列的时候， as/while/when 都可使用， 但as 更能突出“一边-一边”的含义。He sang as/ when /while he worked.as 还可引导一个省略形式的状语从句， 这、时的as相当于when 但不可以用when.As a child(=As/When he was a child), he used to work hard
9、and helped his father on the farm.以when/while/as 引导的状语从句，如果时态是一般将来时，用一般现在时替代。2till/until till和until 都表示“直到”， 两个词常可换用， 主要有下列两种用法。（1） 如果主句谓语动词为延续性动词，如come, go, enter, return, start, reach, finish,等，主句用否定式， 从句用肯定式， “ not-until”结构。He wont go to bed till/until she returns.He didnt come until he had gone
10、over his lesson.(2) 如果主句谓语动词为延续性动词， 如 “stay, remain”等，主句用肯定式。He remained their till she arrived.You may stay here until the rain stops.【重点提示】 until(较正式) 引出的介词短语和从句可以放在主句之前， 也可以置于其后。另外， 当指一段时间，多用到它。Until you told me I had no idea of it.We remained in ignorance of it until recently. till 多用于口语。 till引出
11、的介词短语和从句一般不能放在句首。此外， 指某一时间点多用它。I shall wait till ten oclock.I did not know till then. 以till/until 引导的状语从句，如果时态是一般将来时，用一般现在时替代。I wont leave until my mother comes back.3 as soon as, the moment (that), the minute (that), immediately, directly的用法。这几个词连接的从句都表示主从句的动作相继发生， 间隔很短，“一-就- ”Ill tell him as soon
12、as/ the moment (that)/the minute (that)/ immediately/ directly/ I see him.【重点提示】如果表示过去发生的动作， 主从句均用一般过去时。The moment I saw her, I knew that she was ill.以以上连词引导的状语从句，如果时态是一般将来时，用一般现在时替代。4. no sooner -than, hardly-when, scarcely-when这几个短语的词义和用法基本一样，都表示“刚-就-” I had no sooner arrived at the station than t
13、he train started to move. She had hardly got home when it began to rain. He had scarcely sat down when he heard someone knock at the door.【重点提示】在这些结构中，主句的动作先发生，用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。若这些结构置于句首，则主句要用倒装语序。 上述句子可相应改为： No sooner had I arrived at the station than the train started to move. Hardly had she got ho
14、me when it began to rain. Scarcely had he sat down when he heard someone knock at the door.5. since以since引导的从句或短语作状语时，主句常用完成时，从句常用一般过去时。 Since I was a child I have lived in England. We have been friends ever since we met at school.【重点提示】主句若表示“已经有多少时间”可用一般时。 How long is it since you were in London? I
15、t is just a week since we arrived here.since 引导的从句中的谓语动词如果是瞬间动词，则表示“自从这个动作的开始”以来； 若是延续性或状态性的动词则表示“自从这个动作的结束”以来。 How long is it since you worked here? 你不在这儿工作已经几年了？ It is 3 years since I was ill. 我病愈以来已经3年了。 It is just a week since we arrived here. 我到这儿已经一周了。6by“by-” “到-时候为止”，已发生或出现某情况， 谓语动词多用完成时态。 Perhaps she has recovered by now. By the time (that) I got home yesterday, my mother had prepared dinner. By the end of nex
