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1、 形容词及副词的用法考点一:形容词一.形容词概念:形容词用来修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征主要用作定 语、表语和补足语。二. 形容词的功能 (1)形容词作定语 单个形容词作定语时，放在被修饰的名词前。 She is a good girl.她是一个好女孩儿。 形容词作不定代词的定语时，要放在不定代词的后面。 There is nothing important.没有什么重要的事情。 Is there anything important? enough作形容词时，放在被修饰的名词的前后均可。 We have enough money/money enough to buy every bo
2、ok here. (2) 作表语. 形容词除与be动词连用做表语外，还可以与其他系动词连用。1） 表示一种特制，状态，感觉类的系动词。如： Appear, seem, look，taste ,feel ,smell ,sound 2) 表示状态转变的系动词。意为“ 变得，变为”。如：become ,grow ,turn ,get ,go3) 表示保持某种状态类的系动词。如：remai , keep The man is ill. The flower smells sweet. The problem remains unsolved. The hill has turned green.有些
3、词常作表语常见的有well,ill以及a开头的部分形容词如afraid，alike，alive, alone, asleep，awake 等。 以ing结尾的形容词通常修饰物，以ed结尾的形容词通常修饰人，如interesting(有趣的)，interested(感兴趣的)等。（3） 少数以ly结尾的词是形容词，如friendly(友好的)，deadly(致命的), lively(活泼的) ，manly(男子气概的), likely(可能的)，ugly (难看的) ,silly(愚蠢的)等。（4） 带有数字的复合形容词 当复合形容词用连字号链接时，其中的名词用单数形式，主要有两种情况。 1)
4、数次+名词 a two-hundred-meter bridge 2）数词+名词+形容词 a three-year-old boy a fifty-meter-wide river (5) 几个形容词修饰一个名词时的顺序。 限定词 + 数量形容词（序数词在前，基数词在后）+ 描绘性形容词 + 大小、长短、高低等形体 + 新旧 + 颜色 + 国籍 + 材料 + 被修饰名词 一些漂亮的小红花 一顶绿色的新丝帽一个年轻的矮个子日本商人 口诀：限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老，国籍颜色出材料，作用类别往后靠。考点二:副词一.副词概念: 副词是用来修饰动词,形容词,副词,介词短语,或全句的词.二.副词的构
5、成:由“形容词ly”构成。 quickquickly beautifulbeautifully badbadly exactexactly bravebravely happyhappily quietquietly seriousseriously truetruly generalgenerally以le结尾的形容词去e加y. 如：comfortable-comfortably possible-possiblyterrible-terribly simple-simply三.副词的功能(1)用作状语。如：He speaks English _. 他英语说得非常好。四.副词的位置(1)副词
6、通常放在被修饰的动词后面。(2)副词修饰 整个句子时，多数放句首，用逗号隔开。Eg: Luckily, no one was injured. 五.副词的排列顺序： (1） 时间，地点副词，小单位的在前，大单位在后。副词enough要放在形容词的后面，形容词enough放在名词前后都可。六.兼有两种形式的副词bad坏，差badly极度，严重close接近地closely仔细地，密切地deep深deeply深深地wide表示空间宽度widely广泛地high表示空间高度highly表示程度,相当于muchhard努力地hardly几乎不loud大声地loudly大声地（喧闹）late晚，迟lat
7、ely近来He is sitting close to me. Watch him closely.You have come too late. What have you been doing lately?He pushed the stick deep into the mud.Even father was deeply moved by the film.The plane was flying high. I think highly of your opinion.He opened the door wide. English is widely used in the wo
8、rld.You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.You may speak freely; say what you like.考点三.形容词与副词的比较级和最高级的构成1形容词的比较级和最高级的规则变化(1)一般在词尾直接加-er或-est。如：talltallertallest, long_(2)以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加-r或-st。如：nice_-_(3)以“辅音字母y”结尾的词，把y变为i，再加-er或-est。如：busybusierbusiestfunny_(4)在重读闭音节中，若末尾只有一个辅音字母，则
9、双写这个辅音字母，再加-er或-est。如：bigbiggerbiggest, hothotterhottest，thin_， fatfatterfattest(5)部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级，加most构成最高级。如：slowly_beautifulmore beautifulmost beautiful interesting-more interesting -the most interesting注意：英语中有些双音节形容词可以加more/most,也可以加-er,-est 构成比较级 和最高级，常见的词有friendly ,clever,narrow,2
10、. 副词的比较级和最高级的规则变化（1） 大多数以-ly结尾的副词在其前家more 和most来构成比较级和最高级 Eg: quickly- more quickly - most quickly vcarefully-more carefully -most quickly (2) 单音节词和少数双音节词在词尾加-er和-est分别构成比较级和最高级。 hard - harder- hardest early - earlier- earliest2不规则变化good/wellbetterbest many/muchmoremost ill/bad/badlyworseworst littl
11、eless-leastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestbad-worse-worstold-older/elder-oldest/eldest考点四：形容词和副词的比较等级用法：1.形容词和副词原级的常见句型 (1) as形容词/副词的原级as 如: He is as tall as his father. He speaks English as fluently as an Englishman.注意: 在否定句或疑问句中可用so.as, 即not as/so.as。如: He cant run so/as fast as you. Its not a
12、s/so warm as yesterday. (2.) “as形容词a(n)单数名词as”或“asmany/much名词as”。如: This is as good an example as the other is. I can carry as much paper as you can. There are as many students in your class as in ours.1） Mr. Sun speaks English you.（与你一样流利） 2) I have as many books as Tom. 3) I cant drink this.（我不能喝这
13、么甜的咖啡） 4） You are as good a student as she. 5） He is as Tom.（他是像汤姆一样诚实的一个男孩）2.比较级和最高级 (1) 两者比较，表一方超过另一方时，用“比较级+than”的结构。如: The pen is better than that one. (2)表一方不及另一方时，用“less+原级+than”的用法 This room is less beautiful than that one . (3)形容词副词重叠法则，表示越来越. 比较级+and+比较级的结构 Things are getting better and better. more and more +原级的结构 The girl becomes more and more beautiful. (4)“the比较级(主语+谓语)， the比较级（主语+谓语）”的结构如: T
