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1、 2022年6月英语四级阅读理解100篇精析（13）【手机用户】点击进入免费试听【CET4】 * 【CET6】【电脑用户】点击进入免费试听四六级考试课程！The stone age, The Iron Age. Entire epochs have been named for materials. So what to call the decades ahead? The choice will be tough. Welcome to the age of superstuff. Material science - once the least sexy technology is b
2、ursting with new, practical discoveries led by superconducting ceramicsthat may revolutionize electronics. But superconductors are just part of the picture: from house and cars to cook pots and artificial teeth, the world will someday be made of different stuff. Exotic plastics, glass and ceramics w
3、illshape the future just as surely as have genetic engineering and computer science.The key to the new materials is researchers increasing ability to manipulate substances at the molecular level. Ceramics, for example, have long been limited by their brittleness. But by minimizing the microscopic im
4、perfections that cause it, scientists are making far stronger ceramics that still retain such qualities as hardness and heat resistance. Ford Motor Co. now uses ceramic tools to cut steel. A firm called Kyocera has created a line of ceramic scissors and knives that stay sharp for years and never rus
5、t or corrode.A similar transformation has overtaken plastics. High-strength polymers now form bridges, ice-skating rinks and helicopter rotors. And one new plastic that generates electricity when vibrated or pushed is used in electric guitars, touch sensors for robot hands and karate jacketsthat aut
6、omatically record each punch and chop. Even plastic litter, which once threatened to permanently blot the landscape, has proved amenable to molecular tinkering. Several manufacturers now make biodegradable forms; some plastic six-pack rings for example, gradually decompose when exposed to sunlight.
7、Researchers are developing ways to make plastics as recyclable as metal or glass. Besides, composites plastic reinforced with fibers of graphite or other compounds made the round-the-world flight of the voyager possible and have even been proved in combat: a helmet saved an infantrymans life by defl
8、ecting two bullets in the Grenada invasion.Some advanced materials are old standard with a new twist. The newest fiberoptic cable that carry telephone calls cross-country are made of glass so transparent that a piece of 100 miles thick is clearer than a standard window pane.But new materials have no
9、 impact until they are made into products. And that transition could prove difficult, for switching requires lengthy research and investment. It can be said a firmer handle on how to move to commercialization will determine the success or failure of a country in the near future.1. How many new mater
10、ials are mentioned in this passage?A TwoB ThreeC FourD Five2. Why does the author mention genetic engineering and computer science?A To compare them with the new materials.B To show the significance of the new materials on the future world.C To compare the new materials to them.D To explain his view
11、 point.3. Why is transition difficult?A Because transition requires money and time.B Because many manufacturers are unwilling to change their equipment.C Because research on new materials is very difficult.DBecause it takes 10 years.4. Where lies success of a country in the New Age of superstuff?A I
12、t lies in research.B It lies in investment.C It lies in innovation.D It lies in application. Vocabulary 1. superstuff 超级材料2. superconducting ceramic 超导陶瓷3. exotic 奇妙的4. shape 塑造，成型5. brittleness 脆性6. polymer 聚合体7. karate jacket 空手道外衣8. touch sensor 触及传感器9. each punch and chop 每一个击、打10. blot 玷污，损害风景的
13、东西11. tinker 修补，调整12. amendable 听从于，遵循的13. biodegradable 能生物递减分解的14. six-pack rings 放六个罐子的环状物15. decompose 分解16. recyclable 可循环(使用的)17. infantryman 步卒18. deflect 使偏斜，使转向19. a new twist 一个新的观点，方法难句译注1. Material science once the least sexy technology is bursting with new, practicaldiscoveries led by s
14、uperconducting ceramics that may revolutionize electronics.【参考译文】材料科学，一度曾是最无吸引力(最不起眼)的技术，正以崭新的 ，以超导陶瓷为首的种种有用性创造开放新颜。这种超导陶瓷可能会使电子技术彻底转变。2. Some advanced materials are old standard with a new twist. The newest fiberopticcables that carry telephone calls cross-country are made of glass so transparent t
15、hat a piece of100 miles thick is clearer than a standard window pane.【参考译文】有些高级材料是带有新方法的老标准。最新全国电话的光纤电缆由玻璃制成。这种玻璃透亮度极高，一片100英里厚的玻璃比一块标准的窗框玻璃还要清楚透亮。写作方法与文章大意这是一篇介绍“超导材料”的论说文,采纳一般到详细的分类写作手法。先指出将来时代的材料属于超导，然后再提出三种超导材料，再逐一说明。答案详解1. B 三种超导材料。答案再第一段最终一句“奇妙的塑料、玻璃和陶瓷”。下面各段详细讲这三种材料。其次段讲陶瓷：“新材料之关键在于讨论工不断提高在分子水平上处理物质的力量。举陶瓷为例，由于它的脆性，长期来应用范围有限。但是通过改善导致脆性的微小缺陷，科学家制造出一种保持原有硬度和抗热性，但坚实得多的陶瓷”。第三段讲塑料。“类似的转折发生在塑料上，高强度的塑料建成了桥梁、溜冰场、直升机的叶轮。一种震惊或推动就能发电的新型塑料用于电子吉他上，触及传感塑料用于机械手和
