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1、东方教育学科教师辅导讲义讲义编号SH12yy0000授课班级: 学员姓名:年 级：初二辅导科目：英语课时数：2 学科教师:学科组长签名及日期剩余天数专题四：祈使句授课时间:备课时间:教学目标1理解祈使句的含义，肯定否定各种形式。 2祈使句的其他用法。重点、难点祈使句的肯定否定形式、反意疑问句。考点及考试要求单选和改写句子中会涉及到，要求灵活掌握。教学内容一、自我检测。)1. 一 Congratulations! Your speech is excellent. 一A. Oh, noB. It doesnt matterC. Thats a good idea D. Many thanksD.
2、 No, thanks.(CD)2. How would you like your coffee? .A. Black, pleaseB. Very much. C. It tastes good.)3. Look at the nation flags below. Which represents China?A()4. Which animal comes from China?CDAB()5. Which is a traffic sign?A.C.B. DO NOT DISTURBD. SOLD OUT()6. Hurry up, we must be the first to i
3、nterview the pop star. Sure.A. East or west, home is the bestB. The early bird catches the wormC. Many hands make light workD. Dont put all your eggs in one basket（）7.Are you going to take part in the speech competition? . Its too good a chance to miss.A. NO problemB. Thanks a lotC. Never mindD. Tha
4、ts for sure（）8. Tom, be careful not to drive too fast. Thank you for your advice.A. Its better to be safe than sorryB. Too many cooks spoil the brothC. Many hands make light workD. Every dog has its day（）9. -Shall we have a cup of coffee?-.A. Good ideaB. Thank youC. Thats OKD. Me too（）10. -Thanks fo
5、r the delicious food. -.A. No, thanksB. Thats right C. All right D. My pleasure二、语法精讲。一. 祈使句的句式特征祈使句常常是表达说话人对对方的劝告、叮嘱、请求或命令等。因此，祈使句中一般没有主语，但根据其句 意，实际上是省略了主语you。祈使句句末用感叹号或句号，朗读时，常用降调。在表达请求或劝告时，在祈使 句前或句末可加上please，以使句子的语气更加缓和或客气。祈使句一般没有时态的变化，也不能与情态动词连 用。例如：Keep off the grass!Put the boxes in the small
6、room.二. 祈使句的肯定句式祈使句的肯定句式一般分为以下三种类型：肯定结构：1. Do型（即:动词原形（+宾语）+其它成分）。如:Please have a seat here.有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下，动词可省略。如:This way, please. = Go this way, please.2. Be型（即:Be +表语（名词或形容词）+其它成分）。如:Be a good boy!3. Let型（即:Let +宾语+动词原形+其它成分）。如:Let me help you.三. 祈使句的否定句式否定结构：1. Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加dont构成。如:Dont for
7、get me!Dont be late for school!2. Let型的否定式有两种：“Dont + let +宾语+动词原形+其它成分”和“Let +宾语+ not +动词原形+其它成分”。Dont let me go with her tomorrow. =Let me not go with her tomorrow.注意：如果以Lets开头的祈使句，必须在Lets后加not。例如：whenever we meet her无论什么时候我们碰到她，都不要告诉她真相。如:Dont let him go. / Let him not go.别让他走。3. 有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性
8、的祈使句。如:No smoking!禁止吸烟!No fishing!禁止钓鱼！三、祈使句基础练习。一、将以下祈使句改为否定式：1. Come here early. 2. Ask him. 3. Please wait for her. 4. Read the book carefully. 5. Sit under the tree, please. 6. Lets go there together.二、选择最佳答案填空：()1. If you are tired,a rest.A. haveB. having C. to have()2.me go. It is very importa
9、nt for me.A. Do letB. let do C. Doing let()3. He is not honest.believe him.A. NotB. Dont C. To not()4. If you want to stay, let me know,?A. will youB. shall we C. do you()5. Never come late again,?A. will youB. wont C. do you()6.up early tomorrow, or you cant catch the train.A. GettingB. Get C. To g
10、et()7.in the street. Its dangerous.A. Not playB. Not to play C. Dont play()8. Pleaseme some money, will you?A. lendB. Lending C. to lend()9. The film is about to begin. Pleaseseated.A. beB. are C. is()10.the boxes. You may use them later.A. KeepB. Keeping C. To keep四、知识拓展。D. hadD. To do letD. Not to
11、D. do weD. does heD. GotD. Dont to playD.be lendD. beingD. Kept四. 祈使句的反意问句祈使句的反意疑问句须按其句子结构及讲话人的语气来决定其疑问部分。通常有以下三种形式：1祈使句为肯定句式，其反意疑问句表示请求时，通常用will you；表示邀请、劝说时，用wont you。例如:Be sure to write to us, will you?Come to have dinner with us this evening, wont you?2祈使句为否定句式，其反意疑问句通常只用will you。例如：Dont smoke i
12、n the meeting room, will you?3Let开头的祈使句构成反意疑问句时，除Lets用shall we外，其它均用will you。例如：Let the boy go first, will you? Lets take a walk after supper, shall we?五. 祈使句的回答祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，一般用will或wont。在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时，要注意两点：一是形式一致，即Yes与will保持一致；No与wont保持一致。二是意思相反，即Yes是不的意思；No是是的意思。在回答时，要注意分析上下文语境中所提供
13、的条件。例如：-Dont go out, please. Its raining heavily outside.请不要出去。外面雨下得很大。Yes, I will. I have to meet my brother at the airport.不行，我得去机场接我弟弟。六. 祈使句与陈述句的并列使用祈使句后接陈述句时，须用连接词连接。如果祈使句与陈述句表示的是一种顺承关系时，要用并列连词and 来连接；如果祈使句与陈述句存在一种否定条件关系时，要用并列连词or来连接。例如：Leave it with me and I will see what I can do.把它留给我吧，我想想有没
14、有办法。Hurry up,well be late .快点，否则我们要迟到了。七. 祈使句与条件状语从句的连用祈使句与条件状语从句连用时，条件状语从句可置于祈使句前或后。例如：Tell him to make a phone call to me if he comes here tomorrow.五、巩固训练。I.用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1. Its an important meeting.(not, be )late.2. (not,make) any noise! Your mother is sleeping.3. (not, speak) with your mouth full of food and(be) polite.4. ( not, talk) and(read) aloud.5. (not,leave) your homework for tomorrow, Larry.6. (look) out! A car is coming.7. (give) us ten years and just see what our country will be like.8. (not, let) the baby cry.9. Wear more cl
