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1、-第一阶段-第十六讲倒装语序一、全部倒装全部倒装一般是存在于下列副词开头的句子中。1）出于修辞需要，表示方向的副词：out，down，in，up，away, on。如：Down jumped the burglar from the tenth floor when he heard someone shouted at him.Up went the plane.Down goes the government!2）出于习惯用法：here，there，now, thus，hence，then.如：Here you go.There goes the bell.Here is a ticket
2、 for you.There existed a certain doubt among the students as to the necessity of workHere you are.There he comes.Here comes the bear!3）有时主语较长，为了使句子平衡，避免头重脚轻，要使用全部倒装。这种情况多出现在主系表结构中。如：Less important than ever is developing a meaningful philosophy of life.In between these two extremes are those people
3、who agree with the jury system as a whole，but feel that some changes need to be implemented to improve its effectiveness.二、部分倒装部分倒装一般是把句子谓语的一部分（主要是助动词或系动词）放到句子主语前，构成部分倒装，而全部倒装则把句子的谓语（包括实义动词）都放在主语前。1.下列否定词及含有否定意义的词组修饰状语时，若置于句首，句子的主谓要部分倒装：Never, no，neither, not only, hardly, scarcely, little，seldom，ra
4、rely, not until，nowhere，at no time，on no account，in no respect，in no sense，by no means，in vain，still less。如：Not only is its direct attack on their discipline，it bypasses the essence of what sociologists focus on.Under no circumstances should we do anything that will benefit ourselves but harm the in
5、terests of the state.注：l）如果谓语动词是单个实义动词，倒装时需根据人称和时态加助动词do。如：Little did we expect that he would fulfill his task so rapidly.2）要广义理解“句首”的概念，注意从句的句首和并列分句的句首均为句首。如：Suddenly, Gallups name was on everyones lips；not only was he the prophet of the moment，but it was generally believed that he had founded a ne
6、w and most important method of prediction.Not until people can completely trust you will you be able to influence them.2.以0nly修饰状语（副词，介词短语，状语从句）开头的句子，句子的主谓要部分倒装：Only when I grow up can I understand you.Only in here can you see me.We can only rest on weekends.Only on weekends can we rest.Only then，on
7、ly at that time，only once，only in this way, only with, only through，only by, only when，only after, only because。如：Only when you have obtained sufficient data _ come to a sound conclusion.【A】can you 【B】would you 【C】you will 【D】you can答疑编号811160101答案：A3.以下列副词或短语开头的句子，句子的主谓部分倒装：often，so，well，to such a
8、degree，to such an extent，to such extremes，to such a point，many a time。如：So involved with their computers _ that leaders at summer computer camps often have to force them to break for sports and games. 【A】became the children 【B】become the children【C】had the children become 【D】do the children become答疑
9、编号811160102答案：DTo such a point can we understand it.4.比较从句的倒装：as，than引导的比较从句中，如果主语是名词且较长，经常采用倒装结构（不倒装也可以）。注意：这种结构主语一般为名词，如果是代词则不倒装。如：Hydrogen bums much more cleanly than do other fuels and is easy to produce.Todays electric cars cannot go as fast as gasoline-driven vehicles because the battery does
10、not offer the same amount of energy as does gasoline combustion.Reading is to the mind as is exercise to the body.5.用于前面所说的情况也适用于另一人（物）的肯定句或否定句中的倒装1）肯定重复倒装用soThey have got up，and so has Jack.2）否定重复倒装用：Nor, neither, no moreIf you dont agree to our plan，neither will they. 6.“not onlybut also”结构中，如果not
11、 only放在句首，则后半句不倒装Not only did we lose all our money, but we also came close to being broke.三、特殊的倒装结构特殊形式的倒装结构是指句子虽然是倒装结构，但不是主谓倒装，而往往是出于强调的需要，把强调部分移到句首，而其它部分顺序不需要改变，句子主谓不需要倒装。出现这样的情况有以下几种可能：1）as引导让步状语从句，必须采用倒装结构，但不是主谓倒装，而是将被强调的内容置于句首，如：Much as I have traveled, .Long as I lived, I still cant understan
12、d.Brave as they are, they are afraid of fight. 2）出现在句型be+主语+其他，come what may中，如：While its true that we all need a career, preferably a profitable one, it is equally true that our civilization has accumulated an incredible amount of knowledge-be it scientific or artistic.be+陈述+or 不论（=whether or not）T
13、he business of each day, _ selling goods or shipping them, went quite smoothly.Ait being Bbe it Cwas it Dit was答疑编号811160103答案：B3）no matter how （who）, however引导的让步状语从句必须采用倒装结构，但不是主谓倒装，而是将被强调的内容置于句首。如：No matter how busy he is, he has to attend the meeting.However cold it is, he always goes swimming.附
14、：倒装结构错误主要表现为：1）表示否定意义的词或词组位于句首时，句子未用倒装结构，如：Under no circumstances we should do anything that will benefit ourselves but harm the others.2）Only引导状语位于句首时，句子未用倒装结构，如：Only when David did it a second time he realized his mistakes.3）以so, such 等开头，句子未用倒装结构。如：So badly the boy was injured that he was detained in the hospital for months. 第1页
